Abstract: In order to further understand the variation characteristic of the occurrence dates of critical temperature during safe growing period for double-season rice in Anhui Province, this paper analyzed the variation characteristics of safe sowing date and safe transplanting date for early-season rice, safe full heading date and safe maturity date for late-season rice, as well as days and accumulated temperature during safe growing period for double-season rice, which was planted in the region along the Yangtze River in Anhui province, using linear fitting and non-parameter Mann-Kendall test method, based on the data include daily mean temperature from 1961 to 2017 at the meteorological stations in 22 double-cropping rice producing counties in Anhui Province. Results showed that the safe sowing date for early-season rice showed a significant advance trend (P<0.05) in recent five decades, in which the average sowing date for seedling raising with plastic mulching was advanced by 1.8 daysper decade, and for seedling raising in open field was advanced by 1.5 days per decade. And the safe transplanting date for early-season rice significantly (P <0.01) advanced by 2.5days per decade averagely. The safe full heading date and safe maturity date for late-season rice both insignificantly delayed (P> 0.05). In addition, the days and accumulated temperature during safe growing period of double-season rice increased significantly (P<0.01), with an average increase of 2.6 days and 62.7℃·per decade respectively. The increase for days and accumulated temperature had a positive influence on planting and cultivar selection for double-season rice. On the basis of the traditional cropping pattern, the occurrence probability of damage which caused by low temperature in the duration of sowing and emergency for early rice decreased with the increase of days for safe growing period, so did it in the duration of full heading and maturity for late rice. As for the cultivar selection, it is suggested that mid-early-maturing varieties could be replaced by mid-late varieties which the duration of the growth is longer and yield is higher. However, the risk of chilling injury for late-season rice probably happened because of adopting the management of direct seeding and mechanical transplanting.