Abstract: Soil pH value is the major property influencing the cultivated land quality. It is important to measure and to understand the spatial distribution of soil pH value. In this research, Shiyan city was chosen as an example in the mountainous area of northwest Hubei province and a total of 701 soil samples of cultivated land were collected in Shiyan city for measurement of soil pH value. Furthermore, spatial variability of soil pH value in this region was analyzed by using the geo-statistics and GIS (Geographic Information System), and its dominating factors was analyzed by means of variance analysis and regression analysis. The result shows that the soil pH value of the region varies in the range of 6.46±0.84, with a variation coefficient being 13.00%, both indicate the soil belongs a moderate level. The overall trend of the spatial distribution of pH is that the lowest value appears in the middle and southwest of the study area and the highest value appears in the north and southeast. There is a decreasing trend of soil pH value from the northeast to the southwest. Regression analysis indicates that parent material of the soil was the dominating factor, which alone could explain 13.6% of the soil pH value spatial variability of the region. The second import factor is the altitude, which could explain 6.30% of the soil pH value spatial variability of the region. Land use pattern could only explain 1.4% of the soil pH value spatial variability of the region.and slope of cultivated land has almost no impact on soil pH. According to these research results, the most influenced factor on the soil pH variation is structural factors. Land use patterns and farming methods will be the important driving forces of soil pH value in the study region in the future.