Abstract: The palaeoflood event is the response of the surface hydrological system to extreme climatic change. The study results of the palaeoflood hydrology research in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River are integrated in this paper, and many loess-paleosol profiles recorded palaeoflood events at the frontier of the T1 terrace land in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River are summarized. Ten episodes of palaeoflood events have occurred in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River since the lateglacial, which were estimated to 12 600-12 400 a BP, 11 500-11 400 a BP, 9 000-8 500 a BP, 8 500-8 400 a BP, 7 500-7 000 a BP, 5 500-5 000 a BP, 200-4 000 a BP, 3 200-2 800 a BP, 1 900-1 700 a BP and 1 000-900 a BP respectively. Combined the ages of the palaeoflood events with the results of different proxies of climatic change research at domestic and abroad, it is indicated that the ten episodes of palaeoflood events in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River were coincided with the period of global climatic instabilities or transitions since the lastglacial, these illustrate that the palaeoflood events are responses to climatic change in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River. The upper reaches of the Hanjiang River is located in the southern part of China's north-south transition zone and its ecological environment is fragile. The river basin environment is very sensitive to climatic change. The Hanjiang River has undergone any major changes in the frequency and scale of river floods caused by climatic change, which will have an impact on the agriculture and economic prosperity of the Hanjiang River. The study results provide scientific basis and are of great significance in understanding the interaction between river hydrological system and climatic change in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River and semi-humid area of China.