Abstract: In order to provide a theoretical basis for the optimal allocation of ecological management model of rocky desertification, the characteristics of particle size distribution, stability and organic carbon change of soil aggregates under different ecological restoration measures were explored. Five sample plots were set up on lands of typical in the rocky desertification region under with Land use (farmland, walnut forest, rye grassland, Rosa roxburghii and natural shrub grass). the effects of different artificial and natural sample plots on the stability of soil aggregates and the organic carbon storage in 0-20 cm soil layer were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) Compared with the farmland, the content of water stable macro-aggregate increased and the quantity of micro-aggregate decreased in the environment of walnut forest, rye grassland and natural shrub grassland. The MWD and GMD of shrub grassland and walnut forest aggregate were significantly higher than those in the farmland and Rosa roxburghii, respectively. indicating that the stability of aggregates and soil structure were improved after the change of utilization mode to shrub grassland and walnut forest .(2) After the transformation of farmland, the organic carbon content and reserves of aggregates at all levels of walnut forest, rye grassland and natural irrigated grassland increased, especially in irrigated grassland. At the same time, the increase of organic carbon storage in walnut forest, rye grassland and natural shrub grassland was mainly due to the contribution of  > 5mm and 2-5 mm aggregates. In general, compared with the control measures of artificial forest and grass, natural shrub grassland is better in enhancing the stability of soil aggregation structure and promoting the accumulation of organic carbon.