Abstract: Health tourism, which aims to enhance people’s health and recover physical and mental health, has become increasingly popular due to the ongoing improvement of people’s living standards as well as the increasingly severetrend of aging and sub-health. This paper developed an evaluation model and an indicator system for the attraction of health tourism based on the environmental, social, and symbolic dimensions of therapeutic landscapes. Taking the Yangtze River Economic Belt as a representative area, this paper quantitatively assessed the attractiveness level of health tourism in various provinces and cities from 2011 to 2020. In order to thoroughly explore the spatio-temporal differentiation, migration of gravity center and factor explanatory ability,the Thiel index, center of gravity model and geographic detector wereapplied. The results showedan increasing trendof the overall attractiveness level of health tourism.however, there was a significant regional gap, indicatinga progressively decreasing spatial pattern from east to west. The Theil index of attractiveness gradually decreased, indicating a decline in the regional gaps. However,the descent range was limited, and the impact of regional gaps on overall gaps was increasing. The trajectory of the gravity center of health tourism attraction showed a trend of reciprocal east-west return, with the center of gravity notably migrating towards the southwest from 2018. The attraction of health tourism wastheconsequence of the combination of anumber of factors. The development environment, cultural symbols, and social security of health tourism demonstrated the greatest explanatory ability, and factors hadsynergistic enhancement impact. Finally, this paper put forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions,in an attemptto provide decision-making reference for the coordinated development and overall layout of health tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.