互花米草入侵对长江河口湿地土壤理化性质的影响

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201701012

Abstract

Abstract: In this study we investigated the effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on soil physical and chemical properties as well as potential underlying mechanisms of these effects in the wetlands of the Yangtze River estuary. Two sampling transects in the Dongtan wetland in the Yangtze River estuary, both parallel to the dike, were set up and three sites were evenly distributed on each transect. The transect in the high tidal zone, including three sites (H-sites), was 1.5 km long, and the other transect in the low tidal zone, also including three sites (L-sites), was 0.8 km long. At each site, closely adjacent S. alterniflora-Phragmites australis (H-sites) and S. alterniflora-Scirpus mariqueter (L-sites) stands were selected. In each of the adjacent stands, three plots were randomly selected for plant and soil sampling. This experimental design was used to minimize the potential effects of heterogeneous environmental conditions, such as tidal inundation in the wetland. In S. alterniflora stands, soil temperature was not significantly different from that in the native plant stands. Soil moisture was significantly higher in S. alterniflora stands than that in the native stands in both H-sites and L-sites. Soil pH was not affected by plant invasion or tide zones. At H-sites, soil salinity and sulfate content in S. alterniflora stands were significantly lower than those in P. australis stands, while there was no difference in soil salinity and sulfate content between S. alterniflora and S. mariqueter stands at L-sites. At H-sites, the soil Fe(III)/Fe(II) ratios in S. alterniflora stands were significantly lower than in P. australis stands, but were significantly higher than in the S. mariqueter stands in L-sites. In both H- and L-sites, plant biomass were significantly higher in S. alterniflora stands than those in the native plant stands. S. alterniflora stands experienced significantly higher SOC and SMBC than the native plant stands in both H-sites and L-sites. There were no significant difference in soil inorganic carbon (SIC) between plant species or tide zones. Estimated SIC in the Dongtan wetland accounted for more than 60% of total carbon in soil. The lack of difference in SIC between S. alterniflora and the native plant stands suggested that total carbon in coastal wetland soils cannot appropriately reflect the effects of S. alterniflora invasion. These results indicate that S. alterniflora invasion has significantly impacted soil physical and chemical properties of wetlands in the Yangtze River estuary and these effects differed greatly between tidal zones. These findings suggest that S. alterniflora invasion may profoundly impact decomposition of soil organic matter, biogeochemical processes as well ecosystem structure and functions through altering soil properties.

Key words: Spartina alterniflora, the Yangtze River estuary, plant invasion, soil physical and chemical properties, soil organic carbon, soil inorganic carbon

CLC Number:

Q948

BU Nai-shun, HU Yue, YANG Xiao, ZHANG Xue, WANG Jian, LI Bo, FANG Chang-ming, SONG You-tao. EFFECTS OF SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA INVASION ON SOIL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN WETLANDS OF THE YANGTZE RIVER ESTUARY[J].RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2017, 26(01): 100-109.

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EFFECTS OF SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA INVASION ON SOIL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN WETLANDS OF THE YANGTZE RIVER ESTUARY

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