Abstract: Making a study on the mountain agricultural transformation plays a guidance role in the sustainable utilization of cultivated land, and it is also important for the improvement of land consolidation and ecological construction in China. The ecological conservation area in Northeast is the main partition of agricultural land consolidation project in Chongqing City. By defining the concept of "scale farmland", this paper aims to propose a new research path to put forward a new research approach to guide and improve the utilization of cultivated land in typical mountainous areas of Chongqing. In this paper, five districts and counties of the Three Gorges Reservoir areas were selected as the study area, combined with the actual research area to classify the scale farmland. By using ArcGIS10.2 software and other landscape pattern index, kernel density estimation and spatial autocorrelation method to discuss the spatial distribution of "scale farmland" from three aspects: patch characteristics, quantity distribution and spatial pattern. The results showed that: (1)The characteristics of different types of scale farmland patches showed a certain regularity, The patch density of small-scale farmland was the largest 6.004, and the value of MNN of large-scale farmland was the lowest 643.401, and the larger the farmland scale, the higher the weighted average patch fractal dimension (AWMPFD) value and the aggregation (AI)  value;(2) The number of large and medium scale farmland were concentrated in Fengjie County, and the micro scale and small scale farmland were mostly concentrated in Wushan County, and the scale farmland itself existed a fixed adjacency law. The adjacency between the same kind of pathches were inversely proportional to the patch size,while the adjacency Law of different types of pathes were opposite;(3) The spatial distribution of scale farmland in the study area mainly concentrated in the middle of Fengjie county and the eastern part of Wuxi County, but the river valley Pingba area was relatively dense, and the different types of scale farmland had obvious self-correlation in space.