Abstract: The soils heavy metal pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area has been greatly concerned due to this region’s special geographical position and ecological vulnerability. In this study, a total of 3085 soil samples collected from the Chongqing section of this area were analyzed with eight types of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Hg, Pb, and Zn). The heavy metals source and pollution assessment were examined by four methods, which including multivariate statistic analysis, pollution indexes methods, ecological risk evaluation, and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) combined with the weighted average evaluation model. The results showed the order of the eight heavy metals average concentrations is, Cr (8145 mg·kg-1) > Zn (716 mg·kg-1) > Ni (3154 mg·kg-1) > Pb (2527 mg·kg-1) > Cu (2353 mg·kg-1) > As (739 mg·kg-1) > Cd (021 mg·kg-1) > Hg (006 mg·kg-1). Multivariate statistic analysis showed the Cd and Cr pollutions were mainly influenced by human activities, whereas the Ni, Zn, and Cu pollutions were mainly affected by the region geological backgrounds, the pollution of Hg, Pb and As were influenced by both human activities and geological backgrounds. The analyzed results through other three methods had no significant difference to the Multivariate statistic analysis results. All the assessments showed the most samples (>849%) heavy metal pollution fell into low pollution ranges, only less than 151% soil samples reached middlelevel or high polluted levels, and these samples were mainly collected from Wushan, Fuling, and Zhongxian. The results of this study could provide background data and theoretical support for the land sustainable utilization and ecological development of the Three Gorges Reservoir area