Abstract: Located in the Jianghan Plain densely, water conservancy projects, especially the large-scale water transfer projects, have a great influence on the structure of water utilization in the watershed. Due to climate change the water supply and demand related to the water transfer projects will also be affected and furthermore the water distribution in the watershed. Mapping the overall structure of the water projects in the Hanjiang River catchment, mainly focusing on the planning and design indices and the operation status of Mid-route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project(Mid-route Project) and the Jiang-Han Water Transfer Project(Yangtz-Hangjiang Project), this paper makes more clear of the potential conflicts in the water distribution due to the operation of these projects. In addition, based on the climate change scenarios from the scientific research in this area, and with the increase of the duration and frequency of drought, the cost of pumping and diverting water in the water diversion projects will increase, thus intensifying the water contradiction in Jianghan Plain. The main research results are as follows,(1) From the project design and operation, after the Mid-route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project reaches the design of water diversion, the Jianghan Water Transfer Project is likely to be limited in guaranteeing the water demand of the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River. (2) Since the operation of the project of diverting water from the Jianghan Water Transfer Project, the pumping and diversion cost of pumping stations in 2018 has reached 30% of the total operating funds, although there has not been a long period of pumping and diversion. If the water level of the Yangtze River at the diversion mouth of the Jianghan Water Transfer Project falls and the Self-diversion is limited, the time and frequency of using pumping station to divert water will increase, which will further increase the cost of diversion. (3)The Mid-route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, The Project of Diversion from Han to Weihe Rive and The Hubei North Water Resources Allocation Project. All three projects divert water from the Hanjiang River. Besides add water for production and living in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River. If encounter the dry year, the Hanjiang River allocation of water resources will bring great contradiction, which will affect the development of the Hanjiang River basin.