Abstract: Urban Human Settlement Environment (UHSE) transformed profoundly in the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization in China. By selecting 110 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and constructing the UHSE evaluation model from four aspects: living environment, economic environment, social environment and ecological environment. Using the AHP and spatial autocorrelation method to evaluate and analyze the UHSE spatial pattern. The results show that: (1) There is significant spatial differentiation in the UHSE quality, the overall UHSE quality decreases gradually from east to west, and the UHSE quality in Central cities are higher than other cities. (2) In each subsystem, the living and economic environment quality of the citis in Yangtze River Delta and the provincial capitals are higher than other cities; areas with a high-quality social environment have central place orientation; the cities in Jiangxi-Anhui region have a best ecological environment quality, and the ecological environment quality in central and eastern cities are better than the western cities. (3) The UHSE exhibits have obvious agglomeration characteristics, the High-High cluster area is centered on the Yangtze River Delta, and the Low-Low cluster area is located in Yunnan-Guizhou-Sichuan region and north Anhui region.