Abstract: Based on 545 daily minimum temperature station data of China from 1961 to 2017 and the “cold degree grade” formulated by meteorological industry, this research studied the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of different cold weather days in China in recent 57 years from three aspects: climatic state characteristics, trend and fluctuation characteristics. The results showed that: Firstly, the number of cold weather days in China increased gradually with the decreasing of cold grade from 1961 to 2017. The days of extreme cold and severe cold weather were only distributed in high latitude and high altitude areas. With the decreasing of cold grade, the number of cold weather days gradually developed to the south China. Secondly, the trend of cold weather days in different grades in China had different spatial characteristics from 1961 to 2017. The number of high grade cold weather days tended to decrease, mainly in high latitude and high altitude areas. With the decreasing of cold grade, the range of cold weather days tended to increase and decrease continuously. The trend of high grade cold weather days in 1991-2017 was smaller than that in 1961-1990, and with the increasing of cold grade, the areas with larger trend were increasing. Thirdly, the number of high grade cold weather days fluctuated greatly in high latitudes and high altitudes in China from 1961 to 2017. With the decreasing of cold grade, the areas with large fluctuation of cold weather days gradually developed to the south China, and it showed the characteristics of fluctuation high in the South and low in the north. The fluctuation characteristics of moderate and low grade cold weather days in China were respectively concentrated in the Yangtze River Basin and the southern coastal border areas in China from 1991 to 2017. The fluctuation characteristics of high grade cold weather days were mainly concentrated in high latitude and high altitude areas.