Abstract: The water used by residents in the red bed area of Sichuan province is mainly the groundwater extracted nearby，and the water quality is uneven.Therefore，the study on the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the red zone groundwater is of great significance for the selection of well-suited areas and the water safety of the red zone water source.Taking Suining Chuanshan district as an example，this paper analyzes the hydrochemical characteristics and main ion sources of the red shallow groundwater in suining district by means of mathematical statistical analysis，ion proportion relation and mineral saturation index of 70 groups of shallow groundwater samples collected． The results show that the anions in the groundwater of the study area are mainly HCO₃^-（164.00~571.91 mg·L^-1），the second is SO₄^2-（13.96~1 000.00 mg·L^-1），the cations is Ca₂⁺（45.70~313.00 mg·L^-1）；The ion composition in groundwater is mainly produced by rock weathering，and comes from the weathering and dissolution of calcite，dolomite，gypsum，mirabilite and other minerals in the strata，and at the same time evaporates and concentrates．The quality of shallow groundwater is mainly of type III~IV.The main pollutants are primary pollution such as TDS，Fe₃⁺，and human activities such as NO₃^-，NO₂^-and so on.The suitable wells for red beds are mainly in the areas of flat dams，hillsides and valleys.In order to avoid exceeding the pollution index，the depth of wells should not exceed 25 m，and groundwater far away from aquaculture farms and agricultural latrines is vulnerable to human beings.Active pollution of the environment，prevent fish ponds，farmland and other surface water into wells.