Abstract: Abstract：Since the reform and opening up, rural labor forces have been poured into the city in large quantities. As promoting national economy, those labor forces have also exerted some influences on the urban ecological environment. With resident population increasing and environment pollution aggravating, it is of great value and practical significance to study the effects from the perspective of labor transfer. In this research, carbon footprint methods are adopted to analyze the outcomes in terms of production and consumption based on transferred population survey in Wuhan City, and to further explore the differences and related factors of carbon footprint before and after labor migration. The results show that 17.69 million tons carbon emissions are produced by nonlocal labor force per year, in which the consumption carbon footprint is 1.95 million tons, and production carbon footprint is 15.74 million tons. Compared with that before the move, carbon emissions of 0.46 million tons and 14.39 million tons are increased respectively. This difference is mainly affected by gender, age, off-farm working hours and technical skills. It is negatively correlated with gender and sex, while positively correlated with working hours and technical skills. Besides, contract and language communication could also have positive effects.