Abstract: Taking the Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research object, this paper comprehensively valuated the carbon dioxide emissions efficiency of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2001 to 2016 based on DEA-SBM and Malmquist-Luenberger index, and explored its spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics from a static and dynamic perspective. On this basis, the influencing factors of its carbon dioxide emissions efficiency of tourism were discussed. Research showed that: (1) The average value of static carbon emissions efficiency of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2001 to 2016 was 0.672, and there was 32.8% improvement space from the production frontier. The average ML index of tourism carbon emissions efficiency during the study period was 1.092, indicating that the average annual growth rate of the carbon dioxide emissions efficiency of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was 9.2%. The change value of carbon dioxide emissions efficiency of tourism in different periods showed great volatility; (2) The spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of tourism carbon emission efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are obvious. Specifically, the upstream basin showed the characteristics of low efficiency and low growth, the middle reaches of the river basin presented the characteristics of medium efficiency and high growth, while the downstream basin showed the characteristics of high efficiency and medium growth; (3) The growth of the carbon dioxide emissions efficiency of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was mainly due to the progress of technology, while the contribution of improvements in technical efficiency was relatively small. The impacts of these factors affecting the carbon dioxide emissions efficiency of tourism were quite different in different regions.