Abstract: The city is an open and complex giant system. Flood disaster has direct or indirect impact on the natural, infrastructural, social and economic factors in the system. It is important to clarify the interactive relationships among the flood disaster and the urban system elements, and to evaluate and predict urban flood resilience, which contribute to the planning and construction of resilient cities. In this study, the simulation model of urban flood resilience was developed by analyzing the feedback relationships among flood disaster and urban system elements. Nanjing city was taken as an example. Four development scenarios were set to simulate the dynamic changes of flood resilience of Nanjing from 2009 to 2025. The results show that: (1) the urban flood resilience simulation model can reflect the interaction relationships among flood disaster and urban system elements, which can be used to predict urban flood resilience; (2) the greening coverage area of built-up areas and the design standard of rainwater pipe network in the urban system have significant influences on the urban flood resilience; (3) according to the existing urban development plan, the flood resilience in Nanjing will be continuously improved, which will be better than the continuous development scenario. However, there is still a certain gap with the typical resilient cities around world. Further improvements on urban greening, rainwater pipe network design standards, economic structure, and population quality should be taken to boost the flood resilience in Nanjing. The results of this study can provide theoretical and scientific support for the resilient urban development planning of Nanjing city and other cities.