Abstract: The analysis of the spatial differentiation, space-time evolution and topography effects of Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) in the mountainous region of Western Hubei can provide theoretical support for the overall protection and zoning protection of the ecological environment in the region, as well as scientific basis for the formulation of targeted vegetation protection policy. Based on MOD13Q1 EVI data, this paper studies the temporal and spatial variation trend of EVI in the mountainous region of Western Hubei from 2000 to 2018 with unitary linearity regression trend analysis , and discusses its response mechanism to terrain by combining the data of elevation, slope and slope direction. The results show that: (1) The EVI values in the mountainous region of Western Hubei are generally low in the north, high in the middle and south, and low in the east and high in the west. From 2000 to 2018, the average value of EVI in the mountainous region of Western Hubei ranges from 0.57 to 0.66, showing an overall improvement trend. (2)The variation trend of EVI is mainly basically unchanged, accounting for 85.74% of the total area of the Western Hubei mountain region; slightly reduced and significantly reduced areas accounted for only 0.23% and 0.17% of the total area respectively, with scattered distribution; slight increase and significant increase accounted for 8.35% and 5.51% respectively, mainly concentrated in the Northern and central Danjiangkou City, Yunyang District, Yunxi County, Gucheng County, Nanzhang County, Shennongjia and other areas. (3)Areas with an altitude of less than 700 m and a slope of less than 14° are the main vegetation degradation areas in the mountainous region of Western Hubei; the areas with an altitude of 700-1 700 m and a slope of more than 14° are the main vegetation improvement areas. It is suggested that the attention should be paid to the protection of vegetation at low-altitude and slow-slope areas in the mountainous region of Western Hubei in the future.