Abstract: Space conflict is the basis of national spatial optimization and even national spatial planning.On this basis, the article constructs the national spatial optimization idea based on space conflict, and by natural resources endowment condition is superior, the more appropriate sex strong, regional resources and environment of high load bearing in jiangsu province as an example, the analysis of the sustained and rapid economic and social development caused by the shortage of arable land resources, regional environment and continuous increase of load space conflict,And ecological, agricultural and urban spatial structural contradictions, put forward the territorial space optimization model based on the restricted regional factors, thus the proportion of the most important regions for ecological protection, the suitable regions for agricultural production and the suitable regions for urban construction are respectively:8.81%, 54.24% and 46.92% of the land space with main function conflict, and the main function pattern of ecological space, agricultural space and urban space accounted for 14.46%, 59.51% and 26.03% respectively, reflecting the harmonious coexistence and development characteristics of human and nature in Jiangsu province, which is a strong economic province and a big agricultural province.It provides a scientific basis for mitigating the spatial conflict between ecology, town and agriculture and for carrying out territorial space governance scientifically.