Abstract: The meteorological conditions of grain filling stage affect the grain yield and quality of high-quality rice, so it is very important to adjust the appropriate sowing date (grain filling period) for high-quality rice production. In this study, 10 high quality rice varieties with three sowing dates (C1, C2, C3) in Jingzhou, Hubei Province. The changes of grain yield and rice quality under different sowing dates and their relationship with meteorological factors were compared. The results show that, the meteorological conditions significantly affected the grian yield and quality of high-quality rice with in the first15 days of the grain filling period (FFD). On the whole, the yield was the highest in the second sowing date-C2 (8.3 t/hm²), and C2 treatment had higher aboveground dry matter accumulation, grain number per panicle and seed setting rate; among the rice quality indexes, head rice rate was better in C2 and C3, which were 62.1% and 61.8%, respectively; chalkiness had little difference among the three sowing periods; the amylose content of most varieties increased significantly with the delay of sowing date. The grain yield and rice quality were closely related to the key meteorological factors during the grian filling stage, and the yield was significantly correlated with the meteorological factors in the first 15 days of the grian filling stage, and the 1000-grain weight was linearly correlated with the meteorological factors during the grian filling period. among them, it was positively correlated with the daily temperature range and sunshine hours, but negatively correlated with relative humidity, and the relationship between head milled rice rate and meteorological factors during the grian filling period is a “parabola” with the opening downward. Therefore , it was found that the daily average temperature of about 26℃, daily range of 9℃, relative humidity of 85% and sunshine hours of about 6 hours during the first 15 days of grian filling period were the best meteorological conditions to improve the grain yield and quality of high-quality rice. Therefore, there is an obvious optimal cultivation period (grain-filling period) for the cultivation of high-quality rice in Jianghan Plain, and reasonable arrangement of sowing date should be a key technology in the production of high-quality rice.