Abstract: Under the background of "green waters and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains", ecological risk assessment is an important way to protect and monitor the ecological environment. In order to balance the contradiction between ecological environment and socio-economic development, regional ecological risk assessment is a necessary measure a scientific basis for formulating sustainable development policies. his paperarea of "Xiangyang-Shiyan-Suizhou-Shenlongjia" as the research object, based on the classic "risk=probability × loss degree "evaluation model and the 6km × 6km grid scale, the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of ecological risks diagnosed over the past 20 years. The results indicate that: 1) Considering external multiple source stress and internal system losses, this paper establishe an indicator system of 14 factors from three dimensions of nature, culture, and landscape to reflect the sources of urban ecological risks and ecosystem losses; 2) The probability of ecological risk increased by 8.65%. The probability of ecological risk s relatively low, and mainly at levels I and II, showing an upward trend; 3) The research area s mainly composed of low level ecosystem loss areas, with an increase of 6.66% in ecosystem loss, especially in the central and eastern regions where the proportion of IV, V level ecosystem loss continue to increase and the distribution area gradually increase; 4) From the perspective of comprehensive ecological risks, the research area s mainly characterized by low ecological risk, and the comprehensive ecological risk decreased by 1.90%. The spatial pattern of level change show a "constant zone as the main area, with an increase in the periphery of the core urban area and a decrease in the peripheral mountainous areas". The area of level change reache 10006.36 km2, and the areas with increased risk levels continue to expand. This research can provide theoretical and methodological references for the evaluation and restoration of ecological risk , which is in line with the new perspective of regional ecological risk evaluation in other similar areas.