Abstract: Ecological resilience is the ability of the ecological environment to resist, recover and adapt to uncertainty. Urbanization is prone to lead to a series of ecological and environmental problems. Balance of urbanization and ecological resilience is the key point that should be considered in achieving sustainable development and ecological preservation. In this paper, a 4-dimensional ecological resilience evaluation index system of urbanization and ecological risk, resistance, adaptation and recovery was constructed. The coupling coordination degree model and coordination influence index were used to calculate the coupling coordination degree of urbanization and ecological resilience in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area from 2000 to 2020. The spatial-temporal evolution pattern was further analyzed. The results showed that: (1) during the study period, the urbanization level of the Three Gorges Reservoir area showed a fluctuating upward trend, indicating a decreasing distribution pattern from southwest to northeast; The level of ecological resilience also showed an upward trend, and demonstrated the spatial distribution characteristics of "misalignment" with the level of urbanization. (2) The coupling and coordination degree of all districts (county) remained basically unchanged, mainly at the stage of "slight imbalance", "impending imbalance", "reluctant coordinated" or "intermediate coordination", most of which showed uncoordinated types of lagging ecological resilience or being hindered from urbanization. There was spatial heterogeneity in space, showing a three-region vertical distribution pattern of "northeast-southwest direction". (3) The effects of different ecological resilience subsystems on the coordination degree of urbanization and ecological resilience were different. Ecological risk, adaptation and recovery index generally hindered the overall coupling coordination degree, while the ecological resistance index generally promoted the overall coupling coordination degree, and its intensity was stable throughout the year. In the future, paths of leading coordinated regional development by new urbanization, improving ecological resilience by reasonably distributing urban green space, establishing a nature reserve system, and protecting key areas of ecological diversity were suggested for the coordinated and sustainable development of urbanization and ecological resilience in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.