Abstract: The extreme weather caused by the global greenhouse effect results in substantial losses in agricultural production. Consequently, the reduction of agricultural carbon emission intensity has emerged as a prominent subject of interest among governments and academia worldwide. This paper explored the effects of agricultural socialized service pilot policies on carbon emission reduction, impacting mechanisms, and the heterogeneity. This paper analyzed these aspects from the perspective of policy effects, by using the difference-in-difference method and other relevant methodologies. The findings of the study suggested that: (1) The implementation of pilot policies for agricultural socialized services was found to have a sustained inhibitory effect on the intensity of agricultural carbon emissions, leading to successful reduction of carbon reduction in agricultural sector. After a series of robustness tests, the results of the model remained robust. (2) The implementation of pilot policies for agricultural socialized services could indirectly reduce the intensity of agricultural carbon emissions. This could be accomplished by reducing the intensity of fertilizer application, facilitating land transfer, and promoting the adjustment of planting structure towards grain orientation. (3) The carbon reduction effect of the pilot policy for agricultural socialized services exhibited a spatial heterogeneity. The policy demonstrated a larger carbon reduction effect in areas of higher agricultural carbon emission intensity, major grain producing areas, and non-western areas. Therefore, in order to effectively reduce the intensity of agricultural carbon emissions, it is necessary to steadily promote land transfer, accelerate the establishment of a sound agricultural production socialization service system, increase policy support and build incentive mechanisms, respond adequately to the fertilizer and pesticide reduction action, and improve the service of agricultural green socialization.