Abstract: The urban agglomeration is increasingly becoming the main areas of China’s new urbanization. The rapid urbanization in urban clusters has an unprecedented impact on land use transition (LUT). However, unclear spatial relationships between LUT and urbanization may limit the sustainable land use and the healthy development of urbanization. Based on the Landsat TM/ETM image interpretation data from 1995 to 2015, this paper measures LUT in the middle Yangtze River Urban Cluster (MYRUC) in three ways: land use dynamics degree, land use intensity, and land use diversity at 5 and 10 km grid scales. Our study examines the spatial and nonspatial relationships between land use transition and urbanization level using ordinary least squares model (OLS), spatial lag model (SLM), spatial error model (SEM), and spatial error model with lag independence (SEMLD). The results indicated that: (1) During 1995-2015, the land use in the MYRUC had undergone a profound transition. The net decrease of cultivated land was 6 153.80 km² and the net increase of construction land was 6 205.25 km². (2) The land use change speed, land use intensity and land use diversity in the prefectural level municipal districts, the surrounding grids and grids along the main traffic routes were significantly higher than other grids. (3) There was a significant positive spatial autocorrelation between urbanization and LUT at different grid scales. (4) The regression results showed that the SEMLD model could better explain the spatial relationship between LUT and urbanization than other models. Significant spatial dependence was found between LUT and urbanization in both 5 and 10 km grid scales. Our results suggest that policy makers should consider the significant spatial dependence between LUT and urbanization in the future land use management and urbanization development.