Abstract: The rapid expansion of cities increases the pressure and stress on urban ecosystems, leading to a series of ecological problems. Exploring the resilience of ecosystems and the intensity of ecological risks can help balancing regional development and ecological protection. Taking Sichuan Province as the research area, this paper analyzed the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of ecological resilience and ecological risk levels by constructing quantitative evaluation indicators. The Z-score standardized method was used to identify the "resilience-risk" ecological zone in the study area. The results showed that: (1) in terms of dynamic change characteristics, the overall ecological resilience level of Sichuan Province showed a declining trend during 2000-2020, while the overall ecological risk level tended to be stable; (2) in terms of spatial distribution characteristics, the ecological resilience of Sichuan Province showed a spatial pattern of "low in the east and west, high in the middle", while the ecological risk showed a spatial pattern of "low in the west and high in the east"; (3) combined with the "resilience-risk" ecological zoning, Sichuan Province may be divided into four areas, including key protection areas, rational development zones, protection tradeoff zones and development tradeoff zones. The construction of "resilience-risk" ecological zones can accurately improve the ecological resilience of the study area and reduce ecological risks by implementing strict control measures such as defending the ecological protection red line, which is an effective way to achieve sustainable development in Sichuan Province in the future.