Abstract: The flow and allocation efficiency of elements in urban-rural integration are the key factors affecting carbon emission performance.There is a need to systematically reveal the impact of urban-rural integration on carbon emission performance, which can provide support for building a beautiful China.Based on China's inter-provincial panel data from 2001 to 2021, the two-way fixed effects model, mediation effect model and spatial Durbin model were applied in this study.The results showed that: (1) China's urban-rural integration was dominated by medium-low and low-level zones, and the spatial differences were  expanding and then gradually narrowing; the regional differences in China's carbon emission performance were narrowing, and there was convergence and low-level equilibrium convergence.(2) Urban-rural integration significantly improved carbon emission performance, and urban-rural integration significantly promoted carbon emission performance in the period from 2012 to 2021 and in the eastern and central regions.Spatial integration, economic integration, social integration and ecological environment integration significantly improved carbon emission performance.(3) Urban-rural integration significantly improved carbon emission performance by stimulating technological innovation, narrowing the urban-rural consumption gap, and improving the element allocation efficiency.(4) Urban-rural integration was conducive to the improvement of local carbon emission performance, and had significant spatial spillover effects, which also promoted the improvement of carbon emission performance in neighboring regions