Abstract:

Groundwater environment is facing more and more dynamic and complex factors caused by human economic activities. The present study was carried out aiming at a better understanding of the present situation of groundwater environment and a reasonable utilizzation on the groundwater resources in Jingzhou City. According to the field investigation on shallow groundwater environment, sixteen evaluation indexes were selected to form the index set. Fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method and F value method were successively used to complete the comprehensive assessment. Based on the previous analysis and comparison of the two methods assessment result, this paper accomplished the shallow groundwater environmental zoning and pollution analysis. Assessment result showed that shallow groundwater environmental quality was not optimistic, with Ⅳ or Ⅴclass in quite a part of the monitoring point and the overall situation was in poor condition. Main overproof components were Fe, Mn, NO-3, NO-2, As, Ba, etc. and the overlimit ratio of which were 4149%, 7142%, 2143%, 1191%, 714%, and 2929%, respectively. Comparative analysis of the main overproof components averaged from year 2006 to year 2011 showed  that average content of Fe, Mn and NO-2 exceeded the Ⅲ class groundwater quality standard; average content of NO-3, As and Ba were in average range of the Ⅲ class water quality standard yet, but their average content showed an increasing tendency. Results of environmental quality zoning depicted that high risk area was 3 50192 km2, being about 305% of the total area 8 600 km2, and the medium serious area covered 1 33128 km2 with a percentage of 1548%, while qualified area was 3 07192 km2 with a percentage of 3572% and good groundwater quality area was 1 57380 km2 accounting for only 1830%. Shallow groundwater environmental quality, to a great extent, not only is affected by the local characteristic of regional primary geological environment, but also has close relationship with human activities. In order to improve risk forecast and warning capability of high risk area and medium serious area, the safety operation and management mechanism of groundwater and a longterm monitoring network should be established. Seepage control work should be well done in the related large industrial region to prevent effects from sewage infiltration to the groundwater environment. Fe, Mn pollution problems of groundwater should be highly emphasized in rural area. Conditional places are suggested to build centralized drinking water plant and adopt engineering measures to solve the water pollution problems caused by primary geological environment