Abstract: In recent years, the middle reaches of the Hanjiang River are experiencing complex climate change and human activities synergistic interference.It is of great significance that we evaluate the impacts of human activities and climate change on the vegetation such that we could make better decisions in natural resource and environmental management. In this work, we used remote sensing data to address this problem. First and foremost, based on the NDVI generated using MODIS data from 2001 to 2015, we analyzed the spatial and temporal patterns of the annual average vegetation NDVI variations in the middle reaches of Hanjiang River using pixel-by-pixel linear regression and goodness-of-fit calculation. Moreover, we also used geomorphic differentiation analysis to assess the impacts and spatial heterogeneity of human activities. The results indicate that there has been a fluctuating growth in the annual average vegetation NDVI in the study area in the past 15 years. The temporal-spatial NDVI variations of the vegetation reflect the patterns of geomorphological heterogeneity. The temporal-spatial variations in different geomorphological areas have different spatial and temporal characteristics. Specifically, the annual average vegetation NDVIs of plains, flood plains and platforms have increased significantly, while those of hills, low mountains and middle mountain vegetation have experienced little growth. Human impacts also vary with geomorphology. The ranking of different landform types with regard to the impacts of human activities on the annual average their vegetation NDVI variation (from strong to weak) is as follows: plain, platform, flood plain, hill, low mountain, and middle mountain. Finally, we conclude that human activities are the main reason for the steady growth of annual average NDVI in the plain area of the middle reaches of the Hanjiang River.