Abstract: A coordinated development of multiethnic regional economy is vital to maintain regional ethnic unity and social stability. Under the guidance of Theil Index and Spacial Autocorrelation method, this thesis aims to analyze the economic disparities and the evolvement of spatial structure of YunnanGuizhou area based on the capita GDP and its average growth index from 2000 to 2015 in this region. The study shows that the economic disparities in YunnanGuizhou area continued to decline, thereinto, the economic disparities among municipal districts decline most greatly, the economic disparities among ethnic counties have been minimized, the contribution rate of economic disparities of general counties increase gradually, and the disparities declining range between groups is less than that in groups. The county economy in YunnanGuizhou area showed a weak agglomeration pattern and a higher spatial agglomeration of economic growth. The economic hot spot has gradually evolved from the singlecore spatial structure of the central Yunnan to the dualcore spatial structure of YunnanGuizhou area with hot spots distributing in municipal districts of big cities and their surrounding counties. The hot spots of economic growth present an eastwardmoving trend, and the autonomous counties of ethnic minorities become the hotspot areas of economic growth. That the main factors affect the evolution of spatial structure of regional economic lies in the difference of regional industrial development, the radiating capacity of urban and the role of policy guidance