The decisionmaking behavior of local governments, especially local officials, has a nonnegligible impact on urban industrial pollution. This paper discussed the relationship between local officials’ characteristics and urban industrial pollution. Yangtze River Delta area is selected as the research area to tested the effect of local officials’ characteristics (Age, Tenure and Promotion) on urban industrial pollution using the relevant data from 2005 to 2014. The results show that the factors such as age, tenure and promotion of local officials had different effects on urban industrial pollution: (1) With the increase of officials age, industrial pollution increased first and then decreased. (2) Officials prefer to reduce industrial pollution in the early years of the administration. However, over time, the industrial pollution will be aggravated. (3) Compared to officials th〖JP〗at transferred from other cities, the intensity of urban industrial pollution under locally officials administration will be slowed down. For effective control of urban industrial pollution,we put forward some policy suggestions from the aspects of improving the promotion mechanism of local officials and improving the environmental assessment system of local officials

Ports play an important role in the economic development of a region and the country, therefore the research on the evolution of port system has always been a hot topic in port geography area. Based on the port container throughput and container port number data of 14 container ports in the Yangtze River Delta during 1990-2015, and using Gini coefficients and offsetshare analysis, this study analyzes the general concentration trend and spatial evolution of the container port system in this area. Also the main points of the evolution model, and its influential factors are investigated. The results show that the container port system in this area has experienced two trends of decentralization and centralization, and there are four different stages with distinct characteristics. Generally, the spatial pattern in this area is reoriented toward regional concentration. Then the evolutionary model of “original singlenuclear→polarization core→dualcore development→multicore cooperative development” is finally defined. The evolution of the Yangtze River Delta container port system is affected by various factors, including natural conditions, technical progress, regional economy, policy and politics, and global value chain and supply chain. And the key drivers, their order and magnitude of these factors are different, depending on the development stage. This study contributes to further improve the evolution model of container port system, and the results are helpful for the construction of the Yangtze River delta container port system

To reveal the evolution characteristic of urban water environmental carrying capacity in Wuhan under the background of the Yangtze river economic belt strategy, so as to understand the carrying foundation of urban water environment in Wuhan through the process of the construction of the Yangtze river economic belt, This paper build up the assessment index system of urban water environmental carrying capacity (UWECC) was built up with 3 subsystems, including urban water environment, urban water pollution control and urban social economic carrying capacity. And then a much clearer definition and associated evaluation for UWECC in Wuhan were carried out based on structure entropy weight method and meansquared deviation weight decision method. The results show that: (1) UWECC of Wuhan was increasing in the period of 2004-2013 which means that the development of water resources, environment and ecosocial were coordinate during the past decades and there is a good foundation for water environment carrying in Wuhan. (2) The subsystems of the water environment and the urban water pollution control contribute more to the UWECC. (3) Water pollution control is the key to enhance the Wuhan water environmental carrying capacity. The water environment management in Wuhan should focus on the control of municipal sewage, and strengthen the construction and management of urban sewage treatment facilities in the future

By adopting the superefficiency SBM model, this paper measures the ecoefficiency of urban agglomeration in the middle Yangtze River Basin. Based on the urban panel data from 2003 to 2015, we analyze the spatialtemporal difference and spatial spillover effect of the area. The results show that, although the ecoefficiency of urban agglomeration in the middle Yangtze River Basin was improved during 2003-2015, the overall level of efficiency is low. The ecoefficiency of the four major urban agglomerations concerned is not balanced: Wuhan urban agglomeration has the highest average ecoefficiency, Poyang Lake urban agglomeration the second, ChangZhuTan urban agglomeration comes next, and XiangJingYi urban agglomeration the last. The development patterns of cities’ ecoefficiency are enormously different, and the ecoefficiency among different cities shows negative spatial correlation, what’s more, the Pollution Club phenomenon exists in some areas. In order to enhance the ecoefficiency of urban agglomeration in the middle Yangtze River Basin, effective cooperation and concerted action among the cities are required. Therefore, following suggestions are proposed: firstly, the environmental regulations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River should be unified. Secondly, the ecological compensation mechanism of the urban agglomeration should be improved. Thirdly, superior industrial clusters should be built on the basis of collaboration among these cities. Furthermore, we also need to change the GDPcentered political achievement evaluation criterion, and optimize the layout of urban space

Focus on the problem of water quality satisfaction of reservoir immigrants, this paper applies the method of orderly logistic regression analysis to construct an orderly logistic regression model of water quality perception of reservoir area based on the theory of satisfaction perception, and carries out an empirical study on the resettlement of WUXIKOU Watercontrol Project. The results show: ① The factors such as the highest education level, water source, crop type, daily sewage destination and cyclical inundation intention have significant influence on the water quality perception of immigrants. ② Upstream immigrants are more optimistic about the future water quality policies than immigrants from the middle and lower reaches. ③ As education improves, immigrants are more rational about their future expectations. ④ There is a spatial heterogeneity in the perception of water quality of immigrants by the factors that affect the daily water intake, and people using open channels tend to think that water quality will be better. ⑤ The more difficult it is for the sources of domestic water for immigrants to acquire, the worse their perception of water quality changes. ⑥ Immigrants planting staple crops are expected to have better water quality in the future. Promote Structural Reform of Agricultural Supplyside, Promote Optimization of Agricultural Planting Structure and Improve Immigration Satisfaction

In order to obtain the coupling relationship between the accessibility and the degree of spatial poverty in the counties, this paper first uses the weighted time cost distance model of the road network and grid integration method to calculate the traffic accessibility of the county, and constructs the spatial poverty evaluation index system based on “3D” theories, respectively. Then, the spatial coupling mechanism of the traffic accessibility and spatial poverty is obtained based on the structural equation model, taking Western Yunnan border area as an example. The results show that first there are significant spatial differentiation and proximity effect of the poor counties (regions) in the western Yunnan border area. Improving the backbone road network has a positive relationship with the outside accessibility of counties. Second, the incidence of poverty in the western Yunnan border area shows the spatial characteristics of divergence and agglomeration distribution. The poverty alleviation is positively related to GDP per land, market distance, industrial distance, traffic segmentation and poverty segmentation. However, it has a negative effect on population density. Third, the coupling intensity of spatial poverty and traffic accessibility in this region is 023, showing significant negative interactions. Improving the whole accessibility level especially that between counties could provide strongly support for poverty alleviation and the development of social economics

The spatial distribution of logistics enterprises determines the spatial pattern of urban logistics and affects the rational allocation of urban resources and production space.Based on the data of logistics enterprises in Shanghai since 1995, this study uses the measurement methods such as location quotient, average nearest neighbor, kernel density and colocation quotient to explore the location and evolution characteristics of various logistics enterprises. The results show that:(1) Due to the different resource endowments, location conditions and development orientation, the development level of logistics industry in Shanghai metropolitan area is obviously spacetime heterogeneity, and the difference of spacetime development level among various logistics enterprises in the region is significant. (2) The logistics enterprises in Shanghai metropolitan area are shifting from “central layout” to multicoreperiphery model. While logistics enterprises are concentrated and polarized in the central area, a large number of logistics enterprises are clustered and distributed outside the suburbs. The urban logistics space is expanding to the periphery.(3)Freight Forwarder and integrated logistics enterprises through the information sharing, zero inventory services and other factors, to promote mutual choice between enterprises; other types of logistics enterprises due to geographical division of labor, business locations scattered, there has been the location of mutual exclusion phenomenon.This research reveals the location characteristics of Shanghai metropolitan logistics space, which not only complements the theoretical research of urban logistics, but also provides reference for the development of urban logistics and logistics facilities in the future

In the face of global ecological degradation and economic depression，governments all over the world have launched the “Global Green New Deal”，aiming to guarantee the embeddedness of green growth mode through the institutional innovation and thus to explore a sustainable and inclusive development.The process of green development regime in developed countries has experienced two leaps in the green development philosophy，i.e.from the “Sustainable Development” to the “Global Green New Deal”.Hence，it can be summarized into three stages: “budding stage”，“development stage” and “breakthrough stage”.Generally，it is an upward spiral process driven by environment problems and guided by the green development philosophy.The government and the market play an important role alternatively in this process.Different from the developed countries，China’s green development regime evolution has experienced four stages，i.e.，“spontaneous stage”，“catchingup stage”，“paralleling stage” and “innovation stage”，with the characteristics of topdown centralization.In this process，the strategic planning has played a guiding role.Essentially，the formation of green development regime is a reflection of increasing green awareness of the public on social institution both domestic and abroad.Based on combing the evolutionary course of the domestic and foreign green development regime，this paper proposes the following enlightenments: building the green development values by cultivating green culture; constructing the innovative institution by combining the strategic planning and market allocation; maintaining a uniformed legal system by coordinating various green development laws and creating standard system with China characteristics; reinforcing the demonstration of the green development regime with demonstration pilots

In this study, by using meteorological and disaster data in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 1980 to 2009, the days of minimum temperature less than -5℃ in overwintering period and the days of minimum temperature less than 0℃ during bud to flowering stage were analysed with temporalspatial characteristics; the changes of freezing injury during rape key growth stages were compared in different ages. The results indicated that, the days of minimum temperature ＜-5℃ in overwintering period and the days of minimum temperature ＜0℃ during bud to flowering stage showed a decreasing trend since 1980. There were more days of low temperature in Anhui and Jiangsu provinces, and the age with a higher number of days of low temperatures was 1980s. The numbers of rape freezing injury during overwintering period, bud and flowering stage had declined in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River during 1980~2009. There were more years of frost damage at bud and flowering stage and fewer years of freezing injury in overwintering period. Anhui and Jiangsu provinces were the main regions with freezing injury in overwintering period. Apart from Shanghai, freezing injury during bud to flowering stage was occurred more than half of the years in other provinces. It is suggested to take countermeasures in breeding, cultivation and farming to mitigate the impact of freezing injury during key growth stages on rape production in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River

This study evaluated wind speed and simulated vertical wind by using the WRF model, which designed six sets of simulations with different physical parameterizations at the mountain wind station of Jiangxi province from July 2016 to January 2017. Results showed that MRF boundary layer scheme, the microphysical scheme of WSM3 and Noah landsurface scheme were the three best reasonable parameterization scheme simulation. The optimized parameterization scheme performed well in simulating the wind speed for the whole year, the daily variation trend of wind speed and the distribution of wind speed were consistent with the measured. The peak distribution and the probability of simulated wind speed were overestimated due to the lack of accurate topographic resolution of model. The simulate wind direction statistics of the optimized parameterization scheme and the actual recorded wind direction statistics were in good agreement, and the wind direction frequency distribution was similar

Water resources carrying capacity is an important index that is used to measure the sustainable social and economic development. This paper selects the evaluation indexes of the water resources, social, economic and ecological environment system, and then establishes regional comprehensive evaluation model of water resources carrying capacity. Based on the analysis of the indexes of economic pressure, population pressure, carrying pressure and coordination, we get a comprehensive evaluation for the carrying capacity and the water resources utilization. In addition, the temporalspatial distribution characteristics of water resources carrying capacity in Yunnan Province are explored. The results showed that: the spatial distributions of water resources are not coordinated with the layout of economic development and population in Yunnan, most Central Yunnan Province are classified as the lightly overloaded area or close to overloaded areas, which is due to a great number of population and relatively prosperous economy, but less water resources. On the other hand, with the rapid population growth and economic development, the stress of regional water resources carrying capacity gradually increased during these study period years. For example, Zhaotong, located in the Northeastern Yunnan Province, turned into the edge of the overloaded area from the suitable area of water resources carrying capacity. In addition, the water resources carrying capacity of Dehong in the Southwestern Yunnan Province transformed to suitable carrying capacity from the surplus state of carrying capacity.  In general, water resources development and utilization in Yunnan Province is still lower, and the problem of water resources shortage, which mainly results from engineering water shortage, is more and more severe. In the future, the construction and operation of the hydraulic engineering, especially the Central Yunnan Diversion Project, would effectively alleviate the overloading problem of water resources in Yunnan Province.

A coordinated development of multiethnic regional economy is vital to maintain regional ethnic unity and social stability. Under the guidance of Theil Index and Spacial Autocorrelation method, this thesis aims to analyze the economic disparities and the evolvement of spatial structure of YunnanGuizhou area based on the capita GDP and its average growth index from 2000 to 2015 in this region. The study shows that the economic disparities in YunnanGuizhou area continued to decline, thereinto, the economic disparities among municipal districts decline most greatly, the economic disparities among ethnic counties have been minimized, the contribution rate of economic disparities of general counties increase gradually, and the disparities declining range between groups is less than that in groups. The county economy in YunnanGuizhou area showed a weak agglomeration pattern and a higher spatial agglomeration of economic growth. The economic hot spot has gradually evolved from the singlecore spatial structure of the central Yunnan to the dualcore spatial structure of YunnanGuizhou area with hot spots distributing in municipal districts of big cities and their surrounding counties. The hot spots of economic growth present an eastwardmoving trend, and the autonomous counties of ethnic minorities become the hotspot areas of economic growth. That the main factors affect the evolution of spatial structure of regional economic lies in the difference of regional industrial development, the radiating capacity of urban and the role of policy guidance

In order to scientifically carry out the artificial breeding and release protection work of Coreius guichenoti, 199 samples of six populations of C. guichenoti were collected from the upstream and middle reaches of the Yangtze River (Yichang, Three Gorges Reservoir area, Yibin, Yongshan, Qiaojia, and Panzhihua). A total nine polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellites of the six populations were analyzed in this study. The results demonstrated that all the nine microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic, and the six populations had high genetic diversities.  AMOVA analysis revealed there were no significant differences in the six populations. Nevertheless, Structure analysis showed that the six populations could be divided into two groups. One group included some individuals from the Three Gorges Reservoir population and some from the Yibin population, while the other samples were involved in another group. The results difference between AMOVA and structure analysis might be due to that, all samples in each population were identified as a single factor in AMOVA, but structure analysis recognized the samples proportion in each population. Therefore, in order to avoid the occurrence of genetic background pollution events, it is necessary to do the genetic management of artificial breeding of C. guichenoti and analyze their genetic structure of the released stock and nature population

Based on the daily surface temperature data from National Climate Center of China, three summertime high temperature (SHT) indices: SHT days, SHT intensity and daily maximum temperature are defined to depict the summertime high temperature (SHT) in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from different perspectives. On this basis, the mutations of the SHT and the before and after comparison of the spatial and temporal characteristics of SHT are detected over the period 1961-2015. The result shows that there exits an abrupt mutation in SHT around 2000. As compared to the SHT before 2000, more SHT days and higher SHT intensity are found after 2000. The analysis of Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) shows that the explained variances of the first three modes have an increase, indicating a more concentrate SHT distribution. Compared with the first three modes before 2000, a similar distribution of EOF1, a nonzonal distribution for EOF2 and a weaklocality distribution for EOF3 are found after 2000. The areas with SHT are enlarged after 2000. The areas with SHT exceeding 20 days have a northward expansion to around 32°N and an eastward expansion to the coast of Zhejiang province. Moreover, the areas with SHT exceeding 30 days cover the whole region to the south of 32°N and west of 121°E, and the maximum SHT days is up to almost 50 days. The SHT days have an apparent increase from 10~20℃·d before 2000 to 20~50℃·d after 2000, which is most significant around 30~31°N. After 2000, it has an evident increase for SHT days and comparatively weak increase for SHT intensity in middle and south of Zhejiang province, and both evident increase for SHT days and intensity in east Anhui, north Zhejiang, and Shanghai. 

Under the background of global climate change, extreme precipitation shows an increasing trend in many regions. Disasters associated with extreme precipitation are also increasing. In recent years, waterlogging disaster incidents in multiple city in the Eastern China shoued an increasing trend. Waterlogging disaster has caused serious economic loss of property, which seriously affected the sustainable development of society. In this research, we uses 1 638 stations dataset in waterlogging events frequency and days, and a variety of statistical methods, to diagnose the spatial and temporal variation pattern of waterlogging events in the Eastern China from 1961 to 2016. The results showed that: The waterlogging events frequency and days showed an increasing trend in the Eastern China from 1961 to 2016. In the decadal variation, the waterlogging events frequency and days were the most in 1990s, and presented an decreasing trend from 1960s to 1980s. The waterlogging events frequency and days had 6 years and 30 years periodic oscillation characteristics in the Eastern China from 1961 to 2016 and mutation occurred in 1991. The waterlogging events frequency and days in the Eastern China from 1961 to 2016 mainly concentrated in Southern China, Western and Southern Yunnan, Northern Jiangxi, Southern Zhejiang, Northern Fujian, Hunan and Chongqing border region, Northern Sichuan and Eastern Liaoning regions. The waterlogging events frequency and days showed significant increasing trend in the southeast coastal region, and fluctuations characteristics of the waterlogging events frequency and days presented spatial pattern with low in the southeast and high in northwest. In the future. we still need further diagnosis temporal variation characteristics of waterlogging events by taking a variety of data and methods. Our study showed that the change of waterlogging events is most likely the result of human activities and climate change action. Therefore, a variety of measures must be taken to effectively deal with flood disasters.

According to the national and international theories and the actual situation of PanYangtze River Delta, the authors select ten driving factors as the leading forces of land use change, such as elevation, slope aspect, slope grade, GDP, population, temperature, rainfall, river distance, urban distance and coastline distance. Firstly, the study accomplish the maps of land suitability by Logistic analysis based on above factors. With the application of CAMarkov model, the land use pattern of six periods in 2000, 1995, 1990, 1985, 1980 and 1975 is simulated. Secondly, the paper uses the method of full number detection to test the accuracy test for simulation results. Lastly, the paper calculate the soil organic carbon storage in PanYangtze River Delta. On the basis, we reconstruct the historical spatial pattern of soil organic carbon storage in research area. There are several important findings: ①CAMarkov model is feasible for historical land use simulation owing to the model simulation accuracy is 8873%. ②The history of soil organic carbon storage in the PanYangtze River Delta was significantly higher than 2010, and it was increasing progressively from now to historical periods; soil organic carbon reserves were as 32351Pg, 32419.Pg, 32476Pg, 32518Pg and 32553Pg in 1995, 1990, 1985, 1980 and 1975, respectively. ③The spatial pattern of soil organic carbon storage in the Yangtze River Delta was high in the north, low in the south, the land use types were closely related to the soil organic carbon reserves, and the organic carbon reserves in urban builtup areas were lower than those in other areas, the increase of soil organic carbon storage mainly appeared in its high value area, land use types were closely related to the soil organic carbon reserves, and the organic carbon reserves in urban builtup areas were lower than those in other areas, the increase of soil organic carbon storage mainly appeared in its high value area. ④The increase of cultivated land and forestland area and the decrease of construction land area led to the increase of organic carbon storage from 1995 to 1975. The spatial pattern of soil organic carbon storage in historical period can be effectively reconstructed based on the CAMarkov model.

The study of spatial variability of soil organic carbon content is important for sustainable utilization of regional soil resources. Spatial variability of SOC（soil organic carbon) content in the surface layer of Fengle river basin was analyzed using the ArcGIS method. Descriptive statistics of the results shows that the soil organic carbon content in this area is averagely 1431with SD of 450（g·kg-1）. Analysis of variance showed that the effects of land use on soil organic carbon were significant (p<001). In terms of different land use patterns, average organic carbon content in forest land soil(1558±593 g·kg-1)is notably higher than that in paddy field and dry land（1539±309 g·kg-1 and 114± 304 g·kg-1）, which is then remarkably higher than that in garden land(1109±348 g·kg-1 ).The coefficient of variation (CV) was 31.44%. Its variance belongs to a moderate level. Moreover, forest land boasts of the greatest dimensional variability with a variability index of 38.06%, much higher than that of garden land and dry land (3138% and 2652%). The CV of the paddy field was 2007%, in four kinds of land use types, is the minimum. The result indicated that the variability of topsoil organic carbon content was affected by human activities. The soil organic carbon semivariance model is spherical model. Moreover, geostatistical analysis suggests that the study area was very strong in spatial auto correlation and structural factors played a dominating role in spatial variability of soil organic carbon, which was significant in anisotropy. And in the northern and southern direction, the degree of variation is most severe. The spatial distribution of soil organic carbon content is higher in the northeast, southwest, and lower in the northwest. The content of soil organic carbon showed a maculosus distribution approximation

Soil carbon pool and abundlance of organic carbon stable isotopes were investigated at the Yangtze River Delta region across which the coastal herbaceous plants (Cynodon dactylon, Trifolium repens, Festuca arundinacea and Imperata cylindrica) occupy commonly, and this pool was quantified with Stable Isotope Mixing Model as the contribution of coastal grassland ecosystem. The results of this study show:  (1) the average contents of total carbon, organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon correlate significantly with each other and decrease with increasing soil depth from 2211 g·kg-1, 1144 g·kg-1, and 5395 mg·kg-1 to 1557 g·kg-1, 707 g·kg-1, and 1947 mg·kg-1, respectively.  (2) On the contrary, while the δ13C values of C3 plants increased with the depth increasing in the vertical direction, the δ13C values of C4 plants decreased with the depth. From upper layer to deeper layer, the average δ13C value of two types of plants change from -2524‰,-2233‰ to -2435‰,-2327‰; (3) The stable isotope mixture model found the contribution rate of different plants to soil organic carbon and the organic carbon accumulation rate was completely different among those four plants. The contribution rate of Cynodon dactylon, Trifolium repens, Festuca arundinacea, and Imperata cylindrical is  1219%, 1434%, 3595% and 1851% with the cumulative rate of 6279 g·m-2·a-1, 7534 g·m-2·a-1, 18184 g·m-2·a-1, and 9770 g·m-2·a-1, respectively

Since the 1980’s, the forestry ecological engineering programs for schistosomiasis prevention had achieved remarkable results in China. However, spatial distribution of snail inhibition and disease prevention forests need further improvement. Recurrent of snail that causes schistosomiasis is common in some areas. In this paper, on the basis of the environmental suitability analysis of snail habitat in Shishou city of Hubei province, the risk grades of snail survival were assessed by the analytic hierarchy process method. The optimization areas of spatial layout of snail inhibition and disease prevention forests were identified. Suitable forestland and regenerated forestland will provide the basis for overall arrangement of the forestry schistosomiasis prevention ecological engineering. The results showed that the highrisk areas of snail survival in Shishou city were mainly in tributaries, irrigation canals, ditches, ponds and beaches along the Yangtze River. These areas accounted for 874% of the study area. The mediumrisk areas of snail survival (2377%) were inside embankment of the Yangtze River, while the lowrisk areas (6749%) were in the permanent water of large lakes and the Yangtze River, and around urban area. The snail inhibition and disease prevention forests in Shishou city mostly were juvenile forest or halfmature forest, accounting for 8047% of all forested area. Mature and overmature forest accounted for 1405% all forested area. The total optimization areas of snail inhibition and disease prevention forests in Shishou city were 7 33586 hm2 including 4 51251 hm2 regenerated forestland and 2 82336 hm2 suitable forestland. In which 2395% of optimization area were within the highrisk areas, 2322% in the mediumrisk areas and 5283% in the lowrisk areas. The lowrisk areas were the priority regions for the construction of snail inhibition and disease prevention forest in the next few years in Shishou city

Both climate change and human activities have great effects on riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM). How to estimate and distinguish the influences arose from these two driving factors has been the focus of attention in hydrologic science and environmental science．In view of climate change (rainfall, runoff, temperature) and human activities (land use, urbanization, hydropower construction), three aspects of the research have been concluded as following. The origin and characteristics ofriverine DOM has been introduced. The research progress on the effects of climate change, human activity and the combination of the two on riverine DOM have been reviewed respectively. The existing research methods on the effects of climate change and human activities on riverine DOM have been summarized. The current existing research methods of climate change and human activities on the riverine DOM has been generalized, and the problems and deficiencies in the methods have been listed as well. Finally, based on current research contents, the problem of overlap between climate scenarios and human activity scenarios and also the lack of research on the mechanism of river DOM transformation and the coupling model with biogenic factors are summarized and discussed

As a critical hydrometeorological parameter, reference evapotranspiration (ET0) plays an important role in the global ecosystem. In order to deepen the understanding of how ET0 changes in humid regions, we calculated ET0 by using the PenmanMonteith equation and data from 87 meteorological stations in Hunan Province from 1960 to 2015. We applied linear trend, MannKendall test and inverse distance weighting interpolation methods for the analysis of spatiotemporal variations of ET0 and major meteorological variables, and selected the variables involved in the equation to identify the contribution to variability of ET0 using stepwise regression. Results indicated that: (1) average annual ET0 decreased at a rate of -3346 mm per decade. The declining trend of ET0 is mainly explained by the decline in sunshine duration and wind speed. On the contrary, dropping in relative humidity increases ET0 to some extent; (2) ET0 in spring was found to increase significantly (2966 mm per decade) , attributing to the decrease in relative humidity as well as the rise in maximum temperature, while ET0 decreased at a rate of -5451, -0922, -0207 mm per decade in summer, autumn, and winter, respectively; (3) the downward trend of ET0 in the three seasons was mainly related to the decline in sunshine durition and wind speed; (4) Annual wind speed, relative humidity and sunshine duration decreased while temperature, precipitation and wetness index showed an upward trend, suggesting a warming-wetting trend in Hunan Province; and (5) Spatial distribution of ET0 in Hunan Province under changing climate differed significantly among various regions both over annual and seasonal scale

The citizenization of landless peasants is one of the hot topics about new urbanization nowadays, as well as an important scientific issue in human geography. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of urbanization in China, many ruralurban borders are eroded. With a large number of farmers being moved away from rural to urban areas and being landless peasants, the problem about landless peasants gradually emerged and becomes an important problem for improving the quality of urbanization. In spite of many farmers becoming citizens in the administrative aspect，but due to low land compensation, inadequate social security and the exclusion of civil society，many landless peasants face problems of declining living standards, unstable employment, problematic identity recognition and other issues. Under the background of new urbanization, it is an important measure to improve the quality of urbanization by promoting the process of “peopleoriented” citizenization process, and the core of realizing the citizenization process of landless peasants is improving the life satisfaction of landless peasants. This article taking Xianlin Village in Nanjing as a study area, and obtaining the relevant data for article research through the questionnaire survey of landless peasants, we construct an index system to measure the life satisfaction of landless peasants based on the existing research results, then we analysis the affecting factors about life satisfaction of landless peasants by factor analysis. The results show that the life satisfaction of landless peasants in Xianlin Village is not high, the average score is only 6490. In addition, it is found that the economic factors have no significant effect on the life satisfaction of landless peasants, the impact of land acquisition and demolition process, government role, community environment and personal perception and other factors are more significant.

The aim of this study was to explore the evolution of farmland landscape in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, which helped to interpret the status of the farmland utilization from the regional level and provide important reference for the protection of farmland and ecological environment. Based on the method of landscape pattern index analysis and mathematical statistics, the changes of farmland landscape during 1995-2014 were studied by analyzing 10 landscape indices at class level and landscape level. In this study, we selected three spatial scales: urban agglomeration, province and basin. The results showed that: (1) From 1995 to 2014, the total farmland area decreased significantly in the middle reaches of the Yangtze river, and the average rate was 30821 km2/a. Among them, the average reduction rate of Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi was 18003, 4819 and 5616 km2/a; the average reduction rate of Wuhan Urban Agglomeration, ChangZhuTan Urban Agglomeration and Poyang Urban Agglomeration was 18003, 4819 and 5616 km2/a, respectively. (2) The direction and extent of farmland landscape changes were quite different in Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi. The connectivity of farmland in Hunan showed an increasing trend during 1995-2005 while decreasing during 2005-2014, and the landscape fragmentation first ascended and then descended throughout the study period, contrary to the variation in Hubei and Jiangxi in this two periods. In addition, the changes in connectivity and fragmentation of landscapes in Hunan were most dramatic. (3) The direction and extent of farmland landscape changes differed in several aspects in three urban agglomerations. With the rapid development of industrialization, the landscape of ChangZhuTan Urban Agglomeration changed dramatically, and its degree of variability well beyond the other two urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze river. (4) The quantity, area, aggregation degree and diversity of farmland landscape were significantly different in each scale. As the key development area in the province, the landscape pattern and its change of the urban agglomeration were roughly the same as those of the provinces where they are located

To investigate and understand soil selenium concentrations with its bioavailability and influencing factors in Shadi Town, Enshi City, Hubei, which is a known seleniumenriched area, 199 topsoil samples and 60 corn samples were collected and analyzed. Results showed that the average concentration of total selenium in the topsoil of Shadi Town, Enshi City was 1.88 mg/kg, whereas the concentrations of watersoluble selenium in soil reached 004%-291% of the total soil selenium indicating the relatively low level of selenium. In the study area, the concentrations of soil organic carbon showed minor effects on selenium bioavailability. The main influencing factors of selenium bioavailability included the soil total selenium concentrations and soil pH value owing to the high selenium bioavailability in alkaline soil. As considerable portions of topsoil samples were acidic, and the concentrations of soil watersoluble selenium were low in the study area, the low selenium concentrations were observed in the corns. Soil pH value can be adjusted to improve selenium bioavailability