Abstract: Based on the Anhui Province Green Development Index System as well as local economic, social and environmental characteristics, a new green development assessment system was established for the Huangshan city including six first-level and 33 second-level indicators. The analytic hierarchy method based on group decision making was then used to calculate the weight of each indicator. The spatiotemporal trends and characteristics of the green development of the Huangshan City as well as its 7 counties and districts were evaluated based on statistics from 2004 to 2016. Finally, Principal Component Analysis and Clustering Analysis were used to determine the dominant factors leading to the spatiotemporal differences in the green development of Huangshan City and its counties and districts. Study results have shown that due to the improvement in ecological protection and growth quality, there had been an overall increasing trend in the green development of Huangshan City and its counties and districts between 2004 and 2016. Secondly, there had been much spatiotemporal variation in the green development of the counties and districts of Huangshan City. The dominant factors leading to the variations in the green development of the counties and districts of the Huangshan City in 2016 included land use and land cover, resource use efficiency, and pollutant emissions. Thirdly, there had been limited progress in resource utilization, environmental governance, and green living in Huangshan City from 2004 to 2016. Therefore, it is suggested that Huangshan City should put improving energy and water use efficiency, cutting energy consumption, reducing pollutant emissions, and promoting green commuting in priority to push its green development process in the near future.