Abstract: Urban heat islands are environmental problems caused by the combination of surface characteristics, socio-economic and meteorological factors, with significant seasonal differences. A large number of studies have analyzed the relationship between land cover types, land cover indices, landscape indices, and urban heat islands, ignoring the impact of meteorological factors and the interaction between meteorological factors, surface features and socio-economics on urban heat islands. Based on the analysis of the intensity and spatial autocorrelation analysis of heat islands in different seasons in Wuhan, this paper uses geo-detectors to study the driving factors and interactions of urban heat islands in different seasons and the detection of heat island risk areas. The results show that the intensity of heat islands in various seasons in Wuhan shows a strong agglomeration characteristics in space. According to the sequence of spring, summer, autumn and winter, the main driving factors of the four seasons heat island intensity in Wuhan are surface characteristics, socio-economic, socio-economic and meteorological factors. The main driving factors for the four seasons are land cover type, night light, night light and air pressure. . Among the interaction effects of the 11 driving factors, the most important interactions of the four-season heat island intensity are land cover type and night light, land cover type and NDVI, land cover type and night light, air pressure and land cover type or NDVI. The results of risk detection show that the highest average heat island intensity in spring, summer, autumn and winter is urban built-up area, urban built-up area, urban built-up area, bare land and low vegetation coverage area. The lowest are water body, water body, water body and vegetation; the average city of four seasons The intensity of the heat island increased with the increase of nighttime light; the average heat island intensity of the NDVI sub-region showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing; the average heat island intensity of the gas pressure sub-region showed a gradual upward trend. These results reveal the seasonal variation characteristics of heat island intensity, which can provide a basis for the formulation of measures to alleviate urban heat island effect.