Abstract:

With large scale of human activities for water resources utilization,the water cycle process was changed,in turn the water ecological space was evolved reversely,which emerged in more and more ecological and environmental problems.Then studying on ecological water requirement has been a focus at home and abroad.Compared with foreign countries,there are more complex ecological effects of the water cycle,more serious ecological environment problems,and more severe and urgent ecological water requirement in China because of a large differences in the natural areas.Based on the review of the development and the main research results for ecological water requirement,the typical area,valley and the research object are comprehensively pointed,the concept and connotation are scientifically defined,the theories are systematically introduced,the calculation and its practical application are also summarized.These results point that ecological water requirement is still in its infancy,which is the main reason leading to inconsistent and unreliable method of ecological water requirement,and causing difficult to achieve the expected results in water resources planning allocation and manage practice.Therefore,the direction of ecological water requirement in future should focus on basin ecological water requirement based on basin ecosystem integrity and stability.The key scientific issues mainly include the impact mechanism of climate change and human activities on ecological water requirement and scaling law analysis of ecological water requirement,etc.The basic research of ecological water requirement should be further strengthened for building the scientifically theoretical methods and technology system for China,which can provide a solid support for accurate calculation of ecological water requirement