长江流域资源与环境 >> 2012, Vol. 21 >> Issue (05): 547-.

• 自然资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

三峡水库175 m蓄水运行后鱼类汞污染风险研究

余杨| 王雨春| 高博| 洪宇宁| 万晓红| 周怀东   

  1. (1.中国水利水电科学研究院水环境所|北京 100038; 2.中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室| 北京 100038
  • 出版日期:2012-05-20

ASSESSMENT ON POLLUTION RISK OF MERCURY IN FISHES OF THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AFTER 175 m IMPOUNDMENT

YU Yang1,2, WANG Yuchun1,2, GAO Bo1,2, HONG Yuning1,2, WAN Xiaohong1,2, ZHOU Huaidong1,2   

  1. (1.Department of Water Environment,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; 2.State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, Institute of Water Resources and China Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038, China 
  • Online:2012-05-20

摘要:

三峡水库的生态安全受到高度关注,三峡水库成库后是否会出现汞等重金属生态风险增加的“水库效应”,不仅是需要论证的科学命题,也是关系到库区人民身体健康的重要问题。2011年在三峡库区忠县至秭归段选择“湖沼化”特征最为显著的8条支流采集了鲤、鲢、鳙、鲇、鳜等常见经济鱼类标本,系统分析了库区鱼类标本肌肉中的总汞含量。研究结果表明,三峡库区支流鱼类肌肉中总汞含量最高为109.6 μg/kg,最低为30.5 μg/kg,平均含量为56.4 μg/kg。与蓄水前的调查结果相比,蓄水运用10 a后库区鱼类肌肉总汞水平尚未明显增加。但是,不同营养等级鱼类之间,肌肉总汞浓度水平随营养等级增加有明显增高,三峡水库水生食物链表现出显著的汞的生物累积。值得注意的是,底层鱼类汞的生物累积强度明显高于上层鱼类,暗示水库底栖过程的“汞活化”依然是需要关注的潜在生态风险

Abstract:

Three Gorges Reservoir has captured the public attention for its impacts on ecological environment and ecological safety.The effect of mercury reactivity on fish mercury content after impoundment of the reservoir is concerned by whole society.Mercury concentrations in eight fish species collected in eight tributaries of the Yangtze River in Three Gorges Reservoir Area in 2011 were determined.The average concentration of mercury in the fish in wet weight was 564 μg/kg, ranged from 305 to 1096 μg/kg.Ten years after the first impoundment of Three Gorges Reservoir,the mercury concentration of fish in Three Gorges Reservoir Area has not obviously increased,comparing with the data before impoundment.However slight difference in mercury concentrations among the fish species was found.The mercury concentration of fish increased with its trophic level.Accumulation of mercury in fish was found along the food chain.It is notable that the benthic fish species had higher mercury concentration than other species,which indicates that the mercury reactivity in bottom strata is a potential risk in environment

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