长江流域资源与环境 >> 2013, Vol. 22 >> Issue (04): 439-.

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海崇西湿地森林湿地研究

蔡园园 |陆健健 |王 伟   

  1. (1.上海大学生命科学学院|上海 200444;2.华东师范大学河口海岸国家重点实验室|上海 200062)
  • 出版日期:2013-04-20

RESEARCH OF FORESTED WETLAND AT CHONGXI WETLAND,SHANGHAI

CAI Yuanyuan1, LU Jianjian2|WANG Wei1   

  1. (1. College of Life Science,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China|2. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 20062,China
  • Online:2013-04-20

摘要:

在崇西湿地高潮淡水区种植通过筛选的21 种湿地木本植物,以斑块状进行种植,形成工程物种与芦苇、菰等的混交群落。根据 2006年和2008年调查数据,结果表明:本土树种江南桤木、细叶水团花、枸杞、喜树、重阳木、乌桕、枫杨和构树的成活率分别为8685%、8000%、2000%、5000%、4000%、6200%、2000%、1000%和800%,白杜、桑、枣、朴树、榉树和苦楝全部死亡;引进树种落羽杉、沼生栎、木麻黄、彩叶杞柳、海滨木槿和常青白蜡的成活率分别为9890%、9610%、8400%、6200%、5000%和1550%%,美国复叶槭全部死亡。落羽杉、沼生栎、江南桤木和木麻黄耐受淹水性较强,可用于周期性淹水湿地的生态恢复与重建中;在无致命性遮光情况下,细叶水团花、彩叶杞柳和海滨木槿是森林湿地生态恢复中较好的灌木物种。通过森林湿地的构建,对区域内的鸟类及大型底栖动物的物种多样性具有显著的提升。试验初步筛选出江南桤木、细叶水团花、落羽杉、沼生栎和木麻黄这5种树种为西沙湿地森林湿地的适生树种

Abstract:

Forested wetlands are rare in China because most of them have been destroyed by the long history of human activities.Consequently,reconstruction and restoration of forested wetlands lack reference sites for community composition. In order to find out the wetland plants that can grow in high tidal plats of Chongxi wetlands,we selected and cultivated 21 wetland tree species among Phragmites australis and Zizania latifolia in Chongxi Wetland,forming wetland woody patches.We tracked the survival and growth of plant species from 2006 to 2008.The survival rate were 8685%,8000%,2000%,5000%,4000%,6200%,2000%,1000%,800% for native species Alnus trabeculosa,Adina rubella,Lycium [JP2]chinense,Camptotheca acuminate,Bischofia polycarpa,Sapium sebiferum,Pterocarya stenoptera,Euonymus [JP]maackii,and Morus alba,respectively,while Broussonetia papyrifera,Ziziphus jujuba,Celtis sinensis,Zelkova serrata,and Melia azedaeach,were all dead.And the survival rate were 9890%,9610%,8400%,6200%,5000%,1550%for the exotic species Taxodiumd istichum,Quercus palustris, Casuarinae quisetifolia,Salix integra,Hibiscus hamabo and Fraxinus griffithii,respectively,while Acer ne[JP2]gundo was dead.The analysis results showed that Taxodium distichum,Quercus palustris,Alnus trabeculosa and Casuarinn equiestifolia ware excellent species in restoration and reconstruction of periodic flooding wetland,and Adina rubella,Salix integra and Hibiscus hamabo were  good species also without lethality shading.Diversities of [JP]bird and macrobenthos species were improved significantly in the area with forested wetlands construction. Compared the project site with the control site,there were 19 more new bird species and 6 more new macrobenthos species than in project site that in the control site,the improvment of the biodiversity would surely enhance the ecosystem functions of this region. With integrated analysis with survival ratio and growth pattern indices,five suitable species were selected,they ware Alnus trabeculosa,Adina rubella,Taxodium distichum,Quercus palustris and Casuarinae quisetifolia for the vegetation restoration and reconstruction of the forested wetland in Chongxi wetland

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