长江流域资源与环境 >> 2014, Vol. 23 >> Issue (09): 1258-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201409011

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

太湖聚藻区水华易发季节沉积物磷的分布特征

陈超,申秋实,钟继承,刘成,范成新   

  1. (1中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏 南京 210008;2中国科学院大学,北京 100049)
  • 出版日期:2014-09-20

DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOSPHORUS IN SURFACE #br# SEDIMENTS DURING SEASONS OF ALGAE BLOOMS IN #br# BLOOMACCUMULATION AREA IN THE TAIHU LAKE

CHEN Chao1,2,SHEN Qiushi1,ZHONG Jicheng1,LIU Cheng1,2,FAN Chengxin1   

  1. (1 State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Science,
    Nanjing 210008,China;2 University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China
  • Online:2014-09-20

摘要:

为了探讨太湖聚藻区月亮湾在水华易发季节及前后沉积物磷的赋存及迁移特征,采用欧洲标准测试委员会框架下发展的SMT磷形态分级方法对月亮湾由冬季至夏季(1~7月)表层沉积物(5 cm)分层的磷形态分析发现,总磷和无机磷呈现逐渐下降的趋势,平均含量分别为53553和42590 mg/kg。但有机磷则在冬季至夏初降低,随后从夏初开始上升并于7月达最大值,平均含量为8772 mg/kg,是冬季的14~18倍,表明藻类聚集和沉降对表层沉积物有机磷含量产生显著影响。在监测的这几个月中,无机形态磷均于春季4月达到最大值,而且与1、6和7月表现出显著的差异性(P <005)。铁磷为无机磷主要形态,平均含量达到18686 mg/kg,占无机形态磷质量分数的4443%,且4月、5月和6月沉积物铁磷含量表现出显著的差异性(P <005)。其次是铝磷和钙磷,平均含量分别达到12949和9748 mg/kg,为无机形态磷质量分数的3118%和2318%,各月份沉积物铝磷含量表现出显著的差异性(P<005),而钙磷却无显著性差异。沉积物中可交换态磷的含量虽然较少(平均444 mg/kg),但其冬季至春季逐渐升高、春季至夏季逐渐降低的现象,表明在生长季节可交换态磷从沉积物向上覆水柱释放,为藻类复苏和生长提供物资基础。分析还发现,铁磷、铝磷和有机磷均与可交换态磷存在较好相关性,无机磷与总磷的相关性最为显著,表明研究区沉积物中总磷的含量与分布主要受控于无机磷

Abstract:

 Moon Bay is located along the northern portion of the Taihu Lake Because the bay mouth is toward the prevailing southeast wind in summer,Moon Bay has long been a bloomaccumulation area and the water quality is serious In the past years,we found that this area has frequent occurrence of algal blooms Hypoxia phenomenon is usually accompanied by such a disaster,leading to a great change of the water environment,such as aggregating on surface sediment and accelerating the release rate of phosphorus Distribution characteristics of phosphorus in surface sediments could also be changed due to the sedimentation and recovery of alga We sampled sediment cores with the sediment gravity sampler in different seasons (from January to July) from Moon Bay and distribution characteristics of phosphorus in surface sediments were measured with the standard method The results suggest that total phosphorus (TP) and inorganicphosphorus (IP) showed a gradual downward trend throughout the investigation stage,with the average value of 53553 mg/kg and 42590 mg/kg,respectively Organicphosphorus (OrgP) decreased first and then increased,and reached the maximum value in July (about 14 to 18 times higher than winter),with the average value of 8772 mg/kg The inorganicphosphorus forms mainly composed of Fecombined phosphorus,Alcombined phosphorus and Cacombined phosphorus,and all forms reached the maximum value in spring during the monitor seasons The average value of Fecombined form,Alcombined form and Cacombined form was 18686 mg/kg,12949 mg/kg and 9748 mg/kg,respectively (accounted for 4443%,3118% and 2318% of inorganicphosphorus). The seasonal distribution of exchangeable form (ExP) was gradually increased from winter to spring and then decreased form spring to summer,with the average value of 444 mg/kg,implying that the ExP content in sediment was released into overlying water during the growing season According to the correlation analysis,we found that Fecombined form, the Alcombined form and the organicphosphorus showed a good correlation with the ExP phosphorus The correlation between inorganic phosphorus and total phosphorus was the most significant,indicating that the total phosphorus in the sediment of the studied area was mainly affected and controlled by the inorganic phosphorus The variance analysis shows that during the monitor months,the exchangeable phosphorus in April showed a significant difference among January,June and July;the Fecombined phosphorus in April had a significant difference against June and July,and no significant difference against May;the Alcombined phosphorus showed a significant difference among all months;the Cacombined phosphorus was not very significant different;the value of total phosphorus,organic phosphorus and inorganic showed a significant difference during monitor months

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