关键词: 川陕哲罗鲑, 栖息地保护, 大渡河流域

Abstract: Hucho bleekeri is one of the species in the genera Hucho in China, and the only large salmon fish in the Tibetan Plateau area. During the past several decades, Hucho bleekeri lost its habitat severely as a result of anthropogenic changes. In this paper, a quantitative analysis on habitat ranges and characters of Hucho bleekeri in the Dadu River basin was made, and the suitable habitat areas for this fish species were evaluated and determined based on field investigation and history data collection. The results showed: 1) from 1950 to 2012, the habitat loss in the Dadu River basin was extremely high in the past 60 years and now the loss rate was 91.4%. Intensive human activities such as hydropower development were the main reasons for this tendency of habitat loss; 2) the habitat requirements for Hucho bleekeri was relatively high and the suitable water temperature was in a narrow range (ranged from 4℃ to 14℃). Meanwhile, there were differences in habitat requirments during its different life stages; 3) the upper Dadu River with its tributaries were very important for Hucho bleekeri habitat protection. The rivers which can be protected as suitable habitats for Hucho bleekeri mainly distributed in the upper reaches of the Dadu River, with a total length of 2 222.9 km. Based on our results, some helpful suggestions on Hucho bleekeri habitat protection can be given: 1)in order to protect the habitat effectively, it is vital that different types of habitats should be considered comprehensively. Not only the present distribution areas, but also the historical and potential distribution areas which can be recovered as suitable habitat for Hucho bleekeri should be included. 2) planning and research works on habitat protection for Hucho bleekeri should be carried out in the headwaters of Dadu River as early as possible; 3) for the coordination of watershed protection and development, mechanism of ecological compensation should be constructed and improved.

Key words: Hucho bleekeri, habitat protection, the Dadu River Basin