荆江河段4次裁弯后干流河道调整研究

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201804019

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2018, Vol. 27 >> Issue (04): 883-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201804019

荆江河段4次裁弯后干流河道调整研究

李志威1,2，袁帅1,2，朱玲玲3，李文哲4*

(1.长沙理工大学水利工程学院，湖南长沙 410114；2. 水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室，
湖南长沙 410114；3. 长江水利委员会长江水文局, 湖北武汉 430010；
4.深圳市水务（集团）有限公司，广东深圳 518031)

出版日期:2018-04-21

Channel Adjustments Induced by Four Meander Cutoffs in the Middle Yangtze River (Jinjiang reach)

LI Zhiwei1,2, YUAN Shuai1,2, ZHU Lingling3, LI Wenzhe4

(1.School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China;
2.Key Laboratory of WaterSediment Sciences and Water Disaster prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China;
3. Bureau of Changjiang Hydrology, Wuhan 430010, China; 4. Shenzhen Water (Group) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518031, China)

Online:2018-04-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

1949~1979年长江中游的荆江河段共发生4次裁弯，包括2次自然裁弯（碾子湾和沙滩子）和2次人工裁弯（中洲子和上车湾），裁弯后上下游的河床和河势发生显著调整。基于实测水文资料和遥感影像（1955~2016年），计算2次人工裁弯后新河道的冲刷量，并验证老河道的淤积量，分析裁弯后4个牛轭湖的发展过程与现状，并指出荆江4个牛轭湖的快速衰退主要受当地人类活动影响。荆江河段的裁弯增加了河床比降，引起水流功率的调整，促使河床长期冲刷下切和床沙粗化。荆江4次裁弯完成后，直至1990年代荆江河床才基本达到冲淤平衡，且下荆江略有淤积。

关键词：长江中游；弯曲河道；裁弯；冲刷；水流功率；牛轭湖

Abstract:

The riverbed and channel planform in the middle Yangtze River (Jinjiang reach) was significantly changed along with the four systematic cutoffs including two natural cutoffs (at Lianziwan and Shatanzi) and two artificial cutoffs (at Zhongzhouzi and Shangchewan) occurred during 1949-1979. Using the hydrological data and remote sensing images from 1955 to 2016, we calculated the erosion volume of new channels and deposition volume of old channels (i.e., oxbow lake), and analyzed the evolution process and the current status of the formed oxbow lakes. We found that the oxbow lakes were mainly influenced by local human activities. The increase of the channel gradient due to the four cutoffs causes adjustment of stream power along the channel and forces erosion of the channel bed in the long term and coarsening of bed material. The channel bed of the Jinjiang reach adjusts to its erosiondeposition equilibrium state until 1990s, with a slight deposition in the lower Jinjiang reach.

Key words：Middle Yangtze River; meandering channel; cutoff; erosion; stream power; oxbow lake

李志威1,2，袁帅1,2，朱玲玲3，李文哲4*. 荆江河段4次裁弯后干流河道调整研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(04): 883-.

LI Zhiwei1,2, YUAN Shuai1,2, ZHU Lingling3, LI Wenzhe4.

Channel Adjustments Induced by Four Meander Cutoffs in the Middle Yangtze River (Jinjiang reach)

[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2018, 27(04): 883-.

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