Abstract: The area of vegetation coveragein Puding county of Guizhou was studiedin our work. The remote sensing and GIS technology was employed to explore the change of vegetation coverage in terrain factors through the spatial overlay analysis. Then the vegetation map and terrain factors were analyzed to identify the terrain factor and vegetation distribution in Puding county. The results show that:①The low vegetation coverage makes up the majority of sunny slope and low altitude area; The favorable terrainof vegetation is the area of the northeast, north, southwest, and northwest slope aspect with elevation of 1 400-1 600 m, the slope over 25°, and with the surface cutting depth of 30-40 m.②The distribution area of vegetation coverage in those favorable terrain varies greatly, suggesting that the spatial relationship between vegetation distribution pattern and terrain factors is uncertain.③ Human factors have great influence on the development and distribution of vegetation.And terrain factors can also restrict human activity in return, indirectly affecting the growth of vegetation. Those research results contribute to revealing the spatial distribution and variation characteristics of vegetation cover in Puding County, which can provide a significant hint for the evaluation and improvement of the regional ecological environment in Karst area, and meanwhile provide the decision-making basis for vegetation restoration, protection and rocky desertification control in Karst area