Abstract: Hubei Province is a large agricultural province with diverse landforms and abundant vegetation types. Phenological information monitoring is of great significance to natural ecology and agricultural production. In this study, based on the normalized vegetation index data set of MODIS MOD13Q1 products, time series harmonic analysis method was used to reconstruct NDVI time series curve. Combining with land cover data, the spatial distribution characteristics of vegetation phenology in Hubei Province were obtained by the dynamic threshold method of phenological characteristics, and the phenological indexes of different land cover types were analyzed. The results show that: (1)Most of the western mountainous areas, southeastern and northeastern hilly areas of Hubei Province are covered by natural vegetation covering from NDVI change characteristic. The maximum NDVI value is above 0.75, and the minimum NDVI value is above 0.6 in most of these areas which indicate good vegetation condition. NDVI characteristic changes in central Jianghan plain and crop regions are greatly affected by agricultural cultivation, which are different from that of natural vegetation.(2)The phenological characteristics vary among different land cover types. The vegetation in most areas of Hubei Province enters the growing season from February to March, and ends growing from November to December. The contrary characteristics are found in Xiangyang area. Land cover types such as cultivated land, bare land, and water bodies that are greatly affected by humans have shorter growth seasons, and the start time is later, ending earlier. The growth season of natural vegetation such as forests, grasslands and shrubs are longer, starting earlier and ending later.(3)Phenological parameters have significant differences due to the influence of topography, land cover types, human and natural factors. The analysis of the regional vegetation ecological status and the spatial distribution characteristics of phenological characteristics of different land cover types had significance for vegetation ecological protection, vegetation classification and agricultural regionalization.