Abstract: Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that threatens human health and impedes socioeconomic development in the Oncomelania hupensis endemic areas. Oncomelania is the only intermediate host of schistosoma japonicum, and therefore to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution patterns of Oncomelania and their influencing factors is of vital importance for Schistosomiasis control. Hubei province has long suffered from the threat of the Schistosomiasis. This paper selected Gongan county, which is a typical Oncomelania hupensis endemic area, to study spatial disparity of Oncomelania density with the methods of spatial autocorrelation analysis and grouping analysis. The stepwise regression, geographically weighted regression and Geodetector models were used to analyze the influencing factors of Oncomelania’s density, followed with the discussion of the spatial heterogeneity and the interaction between the influencing factors. The results are as follows: (1) The incidence of Oncomelania density in Gongan county clusters spatially, forming two hot spots. Based on the Oncomelania density degree and the spatial connectivity, the county can be divided into low Oncomelania density area, mid Oncomelania density area and high Oncomelania density area. (2) The major influencing factors of the Oncomelania density in Gongan county include population density, water network density, the ratio of paddy, the NDVI of spring and autumn. The influencing effects of all factors display spatial heterogeneity. The NDVI of autumn is negatively correlated with the Oncomelania density while the other factors display positive correlations with the Oncomelania density. (3) From the perspective of the whole study area, the interactions of each two factors display nonlinear enhancement - that is the influence of two factors is stronger than a single factor. From the perspective of the Oncomelania's density type, the interaction between two factors displays bi-factor enhancement and nonlinear enhancement in mid Oncomelania density area and high Oncomelania density area, while the interaction modes of two factors display nonlinear enhancement in low Oncomelania density area. This research can provide decision support for the prevention and control of Oncomelania snails and schistosomiasis in Jianghan plain and even the whole province.