Abstract: Intensive land use and efficiency improvement are of great significance to the high-quality development of regional economy.Theoretical analysis of the coupling and coordination mechanism of intensiveland use and green economic efficiencywas performed. The methods of global principal components, super-efficiency SBM, coupling coordination degree model and geographic detector were used to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and the coupling coordination relationship between the two systems in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The driving factorsand the green economic efficiency showed a relatively strong spatial-temporal coupling correlation. The gradient decreased towards the middle and upper reaches. The areas in a state of coordinated development was continuingto expand to inland areas of Jiangsu and Anhui with Shanghai as the core. The coupling and coordination of the two systems was characterized by the complexity of multiple drives. The comprehensive explanatory power at the macro level was the overall pattern of economic development > natural endowments > social civilization. Industrial structure and population density werethe leading factors driving the high-quality coordinated development of the two systems. Civilization progress was the basic guarantee for the optimal allocation of regional resources and sustainable development. It is necessary to optimize resource allocation according to local conditions, strengthen inter-regional coordination and linkage, and jointly promote the balanced and high-quality development of the region as a whole.