Abstract: The spatial-temporal quantitative analysis of the economic, environment, social and regional development level of 130 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Zone in 2003, 2008 and 2013 by means of the comprehensive evaluation model. Studying on spatial-temporal distribution pattern of regional development difference of the Yangtze Economic Zone by exploratory spatial data analysis and hot and cold point analysis. The results showed: spatial pattern of economic development level in Yangtze River economic zone was downstream area higher than midstream area higher than upstream area, economic development gap of Inter-regional first increased and then narrowed. Spatial pattern of social construction level in Yangtze River economic zone was downstream area higher than midstream area higher than upstream area. Spatial pattern of environmental protection level in Yangtze River economic zone was upstream area higher than midstream area higher than downstream area, environmental protection gap of Inter-regional gradually narrowed. Spatial pattern of regional development level in Yangtze River economic zone was downstream area higher than midstream area higher than upstream area, regional development gap of Inter-regional first increased and then narrowed. Regional development level of high value areas and hot spot areas gathered in the downstream areas, showing the tendency expand to the midstream area; the low-value agglomeration areas and cold spot areas were gathered in the upstream area, showing the tendency contraction to the upstream area. Finally, according to the above-mentioned conclusions, we put forward some corresponding policy recommendations.