Abstract: The Chishui River Basin as a typical karst area was selected as the research object, based on remote sensing data of 2000, 2005, 2008, and 2013 along with ArcMap 
spatial analysis function of watershed landscape pattern process analysis, construction of watershed ecological risk assessment system and control measures. The results showed 
that: during 2000-2013, the riskfree zone, potentialrisk zone, and lowrisk region increased from 166 km2, 295 km2, and 7541 km2, respectively to 563 km2, 2181 
km2, and 11545 km2, and the moderate and seriousrisk areas were decreased by 356 km2 and 4027 km2, respectively. The ecological risk evolution pattern for the urban 
and rural construction land as the center, the ecological risk evolving from mild, moderate and severe to potential or no risk zone, mild moderate and severe mainly from point 
spread or increase potential and no risk areas are distributed in the contiguous farmland area and mountainous hilly region; source of risk control measures of different 
ecological based on the risk area, has very important significance to establish the early warning mechanism, ecological risk reduction basin watershed ecological environment 
risk, maintain basin ecological service function.
Key words：landscapepattern; chishui river in guizhou; patershed; ecological risk