Abstract: Abstract：Based on the micro-survey data of 1 488 households in 47 counties (districts) of 11 cities in Jiangxi Province, the Tobit model was used to empirically analyze the impact of that years of farming and neighborhood communication on farmers' ecological farming adoption. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for improving the effectiveness of cultivated land ecological protection and ensuring the quality of crops in China. The results of research: (1) 43.40% of the sample farmers have a positive attitude towards ecological farming, but there is still room for further improvement. (2) Long-term farming has a significant negative impact on farmers’ adoption of ecological farming. Neighborhood communication, including frequency of communication and degree of communication, has played a significant positive role in the adoption of ecological farming. (3) The improvement of neighborhood communication can alleviate the adverse effects of long-term farming on the farmers' adoption of ecological farming. there are differences in the adjustment of neighborhood communication in different dimensions, and only the adjustment of the degree of communication variables is significant. (4) The cultural level, the type of livelihood, the proportion of family labor, the topographic conditions of the village, the intensity of propaganda and whether to participate in training are also important factors affecting the adoption of ecological farming. Research conclusions: In order to encourage farmers to carry out ecological farming, it is necessary to formulate targeted policy measures in terms of innovative ecological farming training and promotion methods, building a neighborhood communication platform and constructing a long-term demonstration mechanism for ecological farming.