Abstract: The Rhine River is an important waterway and supplies drinking waters to people that living on the river two sides. Rhine River plays an important role in the society, politics and economy of Europe. The excessive exploitation on the Rhine River had caused seriously environmental and ecological problems. In order to protect the Rhine River ecosystems, the International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine against Pollution(ICPR) had been established for several decades. After the past decades efforts, the Rhine River has been restored to be vital and beautiful recently. This study introduces the whole process of water quality improvement and ecological restoration in the Rhine River Basin, and provides implications for the ecological civilization construction of the Yangtze River Basin in China. These includes:(1) establish an integrated management institution “Commission for the Protection of the Yangtze River”;(2) confirm the objectives and build “The Yangtze Action Program”;(3) set up ecological compensation mechanism to coordinate the interests of all parties in the basin;(4) encourage the government, enterprises and the public form consensus and joint efforts to protect the Yangtze River;(5) control pollution from the source to improve water quality;(6) establish a complete basin monitoring program in the Yangtze river;(7) improve ecological restoration model. This review expects to provide consultations for ecological protection and comprehensive management of the Yangtze River protection in China.
Key words：Rhine River; river basin management; ecological restoration; experience and enlightenment