Abstract: The middleroute project of water transfer from the south to the north is a strategy to solve the water famine in the north China, which will have a strong influence on the usage of the land resource of Hubei Province. The authors conclude that the land that will be drowned in the project is welldeveloped and productive, so the damage would be too vast. And the development of emigration, industries and the public basic constructions are all in great need of large amounts of land, so the emigrants' development will be limited by capital and ecological surroundings. The land used for compensatory projects will have a pressure on the balance of the usage of land resources in Hubei Province, and influence the ecological environment of the middlelower reaches of Hanjiang River as well as the effect of the land use there. Above all, the project will have a disfavorable effect on the usage of land resources in Hubei Province. As a result, the authors suggest that the resettlement of the emigrants should mainly depend on fardistance transfer, use near backward transfer as a supplement, to fit in with the development of the agriculture industrialization in the reservoir area, as to adopt productive immigrant policy, and the housing for emigrants and reconstructions may destroy as less farming land as possible. The exploitation of the reservoir area land should focus on increasing the production of the present farming land, exploring wild hills properly. It also needs to take capitals from the profit of the middleroute project to better protect the ecological environment of the reservoir area, and compensate the loss of agriculture, navigation and environment which result from the water transfer project. In order to protect the productivity of the farming land, the resumption of the system of irrigation and water conservancy along the line of the transfer water from Yangtze River to Hanjiang project should be designed and constructed synchronously.

Key words: water transfer from the South to the North, middleroute project, land resource, benefiting development