Promoting industrial ecological and green development is not only the fundamental requirement of sustainable development, but also the key to achieve high-quality economic development. Based on the data of 108 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2006 to 2018, the undesirable SBM model was used to measure the industrial ecological efficiency, and the spatial and temporal characteristics and influence mechanism of regional industrial ecological efficiency were investigated by using the kernel density analysis method and Tobit model. The results show that: (1) During the study period, the industrial eco-efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Zone decreased first and then increased. The efficiency value showed a downward trend from 2006 to 2010, and an upward trend from 2010 to 2018. The efficiency value of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration was higher than that of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration and higher than that of the long-term and middle-reach urban agglomeration. (2) The industrial ecological efficiency in the study area has obvious spatial characteristics. The Yangtze River Delta is a typical high-efficiency region, while the low-efficiency region has realized the transfer from the upstream to the middle reaches and formed the spatial distribution pattern of “high at both ends and low in the middle”.(3) Economic development level, industrial structure, environmental regulation and development level of science and technology have a great role on growth of industrial ecological efficiency, industrial agglomeration significantly inhibition efficiency of industrial ecology, foreign direct investment to the Yangtze river delta urban agglomeration only has a significant role in promoting industrial ecological efficiency, does not have a significant impact on the whole, and other areas.

Considering the current coordinated development of the Yangtze Basin and the development of new urbanization, how to promote the orderly, moderate and coordinated construction of regional urbanization is a scientific problem that needs to be solved urgently. Taking 105 prefecture-level cities in the Yangtze Basin as the research object, a five-dimensional comprehensive evaluation index system of population, land, economy, society and ecological environment urbanization was constructed based on the entropy method. The coupling coordination model, kernel density estimation and exploratory spatial data analysis methods were used to explore the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics, spatial clustering pattern and influencing factors of the urbanization coupling coordination in the Yangtze Basin. The results showed that: (1) From 2008 to 2018, the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of the urbanization coupling coordination degree in the Yangtze Basin declined, and the dispersion degree of the urbanization coupling coordination degree among prefecture-level cities tended to shrink. (2) Prefecture-level cities with good coupling coordination degree and above were mainly located in the Yangtze River Delta, Hefei and Wanjiang, Wuhan city circle, Changsha city circle, Chengdu-Chongqing city group and other places. The prefecture-level cities with uncoordinated coupling coordination mainly included the source region of the Yangtze River, the western Sichuan, eastern Tibet, Hengduan Mountain in NorthernYunnan, Longnan, Wumeng Mountain, Xuefeng Mountain, Luoxiao Mountain, etc. (3) The spatial aggregation of urbanization coupling coordination could be divided into four types. Human capital, transportation construction, economic growth, industrial structure, and geographical characteristics shaped the regional pattern of urbanization coupling coordination. Based on the multi-dimensional coupling and coordinated development of urbanization, this study put forward corresponding policy recommendations.

 Under the situation of new economic globalization, the national innovation system is the backbone of China’s economic development. From the perspective of collaborative innovation, this paper explores the spatial structure of local, inter-regional and extra-regional collaborative innovation and the mechanism of the role of the three on urban economic growth with the help of 2007 and 2017 collaborative invention granted patent data and city data in the Yangtze River Delta region. The results are as follows. (1) Local and inter-regional cooperative innovation has been the main source of cooperative innovation in the Yangtze River Delta region. The inter-regional collaborative innovation network has evolved from a core of Shanghai, Hangzhou and Nanjing to a core of Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Suzhou. The extra-regional collaborative innovation network has evolved from a core of Shanghai, Hangzhou, Xi’an and Beijing to a core of Shanghai, Nanjing, Hefei, Suzhou, Beijing, Shenzhen and Foshan. (2) In the early stage of inter-regional innovation network development (2007), inter-regional collaborative innovation intensity and innovation network location contributed to economic growth. In the stage of more intensive inter-regional innovation network (2017), local, inter-regional and extra-regional collaborative innovation intensity and extra-regional innovation network location contributed to urban economic growth, but the role of inter-regional innovation network location was not significant. Thus, the Global Production Network School and Relational Economic Geography School argue mainly because they ignore the influence of the development stage of regional innovation networks. (3) The urban economic growth effects of local, inter-regional and extra-regional collaborative innovation pass the robustness test at the stage of more intensive inter-regional innovation networks. The findings of the study have some reference value for the high-quality integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta region.

Based on the data of artificial intelligence enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta selected from the TIANYANCHA website, this paper studied the pattern and impact factors of the artificial intelligence industries’ distribution from 2015 to 2020 in the Yangtze River Delta by adopting the methods of kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation, and geographic detectors. The results are as follows: （1）The artificial intelligence industry in the Yangtze River Delta located in a polycentric and was assembling. Driving by the five agglomeration centers that was Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Nanjing, and Hefei, the whole industry was concentrating along the Shanghai-Nanjing-Hefei-Hangzhou-Ningbo development zone. From the basic layer, the technical layer to the application layer with the decline of the technical threshold, the number of agglomeration centers increased and the scale of agglomeration expanded. （2）At the city level, Shanghai and Suzhou show the characteristics of polycentric agglomeration, while Hangzhou, Nanjing and Hefei are monocentric agglomeration; Then the application layer was more concentrated than the basic layer and technical layer and concentrated in the Central of the city, while basic layer and technical layer tend to located in the industrial parks. （3）The foundation of technology related industries(the number of computer and software), the number of scientific and technological personnel, and the innovation ability are the core factors influencing the spatial pattern of the artificial intelligence industry in the Yangtze River Delta, but there are some differences in the influencing factors of the basic layer, technology layer and application layer.

Clarifying the spatial consistency between tourism eco-efficiency and regional eco-security can provide new ideas for the study of tourism ecological value. In this paper, the prefecture-level cities in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River from 2005 to 2018 were used as the research area. Single index method, PSR model and spatial consistency coefficient were used to evaluate tourism eco-efficiency, regional eco-security and their spatial consistency. Spatial analysis was used to study the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of tourism eco-efficiency, regional eco-security and their spatial consistency. Logistic and Probit models are used to explore the influencing factors. The results show that: (1) During the study period, the tourism eco-efficiency and regional eco-security in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River showed an upward trend. (2) The distance between the center of gravity of the two groups was from close to far, which indicates that there was an “inverted U-shaped” trend between them. (3) The number of equilibrium regions increased, while the number of non-equilibrium regions decreased. The spatial agglomeration intensity of the two types showed an increasing trend. (4) The equilibrium types of spatial consistency were positively affected by resource endowment, social security and environmental construction, while negatively affected by population, per capita basic living standards and scientific and technological progress. (5) The non-equilibrium types of spatial consistency were positively affected by per capita basic living standard, scientific and technological progress, industrial structure and environmental pollution, while negatively affected by social security, economic growth and environmental construction.

Ecological space is an important ecological barrier to ensure the harmonious coexistence of human society and natural environment, and plays an important ecological function. The change and reconstruction of urban agglomeration ecological space is an inevitable requirement of ecological civilization construction, and also a scientific problem to be solved in geography, ecology, urban and rural planning and other disciplines. By using ArcGIS and other software to process the data, the spatial attribute database was established, the transfer matrix of ecological spatial land in Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan Urban agglomeration was constructed, and the main flow direction of ecological land was quantitatively analyzed. The results show that: from 1980 to 2017, a total of 4 980.54 hectares were reduced, with an average annual reduction of 184.46 hectares. The period from 2000 to 2017 is a period of rapid decrease, with an average annual decrease of 8 times that of the past 20 years and a dynamic degree of -0.517 4%. The maximum area of forest land transferred out was 26.22 hectare, and the area of cultivated land transferred out was 22.08 hectare, accounting for 52.65% and 44.33% of the total transferred out area respectively. The maximum area of forest land transferred out is 26.22 hectare, and the area of cultivated land transferred out is 22.08 hectare; They accounted for 52.65% and 44.33% of the total transferred out area respectively. From three aspects of ecological water network system, ecological patch system and ecological matrix system, this paper puts forward the reconstruction strategy of green core ecological space in Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration.

It is significant for achieving the goal of carbon neutrality in 2060 by alleviating the dual pressures of ecological and economic sustainable development in the central and west regions. Therefore, from the perspectives of the industrial development and urbanization, we build a Spatial Lag Model to simulate the spatial relationship between industrial development and carbon emissions, and between urbanization and carbon emissions, using the provincial panel data from 2000 to 2018 in the central and west regions. The results show that: (1) continuously increasing carbon emissions in the central and west regions show obvious spatial differences and spillover effects, with the characteristics of “high-high” (H-H) and “low-low” (L-L) spatial distribution.（2) Industrial development and urbanization affect carbon emission, but the industrial structure upgrading has been growingly homogenized, and urbanization has been homogenous in the central and west regions. (3) Promoting resource allocation (TL) and upgrading industrial structure (TS) are conducive to the mitigation of carbon emissions. Currently, optimizing TL is more effective than upgrading TS in carbon emission reduction; (4) Growing economic urbanization (UI) increases carbon emissions, while increasing population urbanization (UP) reduces carbon emissions. The results suggest that, in order to optimize the industrial development in the central and west regions, local governments should focus on promote the industrial resource allocation at this stage when upgrading the TS. At the same time, the central and local governments should promote the transformation of energy structure, and guide energy consumption of urban and rural residents by advocating green consumption, in order to reduce carbon emissions.

 The increasing shortage of cultivated land resources drives profound changes in cultivated land multifunction. 63 counties in Jiangsu Province were selected as study units. This paper constructed the multi-functional evaluation index system of cultivated land from four dimensions of production, ecology, landscape and society. Sensitivity analysis model and cultivated land index were used to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution of cultivated land functions and its sensitivity to cultivated land change from 2000 to 2018. The results showed: (1) Production function of cultivated land in Jiangsu Province increased. Spatially higher in the north and lower in the south, and the high-value areas in Northern Jiangsu continued to spread. Ecological functions declined. The function of Central Jiangsu was high. Due to the improvement of agricultural technology, some areas of Central Jiangsu and Northern Jiangsu had gradually changed from decline to increase. Landscape function increased, spatially higher in the east and lower in the west. The function of Eastern Coastal area was high. In some areas, such as Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou, due to the serious decline of cultivated land, the function has changed from rising to falling. The social function declined, spatially higher in the north and lower in the south. But the high-value areas in northern Jiangsu continued to shrink.(2) The overall cultivated land area of Jiangsu Province declined, gradually intensified from north to south. The relatively sparse area of cultivated land was mainly distributed in Southern Jiangsu while the agglomerate area was mainly distributed in Central and Northern Jiangsu. Cultivated land of Eastern Coastal area was the most concentrated.(3) Compared with 2000- 2010, sensitivity of production function decreased during 2010-2018, whereas the sensitive area shrank to three counties in Eastern Coastal area. Sensitivity of ecological function decreased, whereas the sensitive area shrank to southern Jiangsu. The decline of production function and ecological function were related to agricultural technology and intensive use of cultivated land. The sensitivity of landscape function increased, whereas sensitive areas spread to Southern Jiangsu and Eastern Coastal areas. The sensitivity of social function has increased, whereas sensitive areas spread throughout the province. Both of landscape function and social function were sensitive to changes in the amount of cultivated land.

Metacommunity theory aims to explore the formation mechanisms of species composition and biodiversity from the spatial perspective, while temporal dynamics also contribute to metacommunity structure. In this study, we investigated the characteristics, temporal variations and drivers of fish metacommunity structure, as well as the key locations and species that contributed more to β diversity by conducting the field surveys in July 2010 and March 2019 in the nine locations of the Poyang Lake. Our analysis indicated that there were the apparent variations between 2010 and 2019. 55 and 52 species were separately collected in 2010 and 2019. The species compositions differed significantly (P<0.05). The structure of the fish metacommunity changed from Clementsian to Gleasonian gradient, which implied that although the species compositions of the local communities always changed along the environmental gradient, the similarities between the local communities increased from 2010 to 2019, and there was a trend of homogenization. β-diversity (βtotal) decreased from 0.36 to 0.34 and βrepl increased from 57.5% to 63.2%. β-diversity among the locations decreased from 0.50-0.91 to 0.33-0.81. βtotal, βrepl and βrich were not significantly affected by environmental factors such as the distance from the main stream of the Yangtze River and whether there are tributaries converging or not and spatial factors in 2010 (P>0.05), but significantly affected by environmental and spatial factors in 2019 (P<0.05). The locations with high Local Contribution to Beta Diversity (LCBD) shifted from the lateral channel between Yangtze River and Poyang Lake. The species with high Species Contribution to Beta Diversity (SCBD) were Silurus asotus,Ctenopharyngodon idella,Coilia nasus,Cobitis sinensis and Hemiculter bleekeri in 2010, while the species with high SCBD were Xenocypris argentea,Sinodella sinensis,Parabramis pekinensis,Cobitis sinensis and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in 2019. The results indicated that the interaction between fish communities and fish dispersal caused the changes of fish community structure and key sites in Poyang Lake area in recent ten years. At the same time, according to the existing research results, overfishing and habitat degradation may also affect the fish community structure in Poyang Lake. In order to protect the fish diversity in the Poyang Lake and the middle-lower Yangtze River floodplain, it was suggested to reduce human activities, such as reclamation, sand mining, and pollution discharge, to carry out habitat degradation assessment and restoration, and to restore connectivity between rivers and lakes.

To understand the community characteristics of macrozoobenthos  and its relationship to environmental factors in the Jialing River of Sichuan province, the species composition, inhabit density, biomass, dominant species and the aquatic physiochemical parameters were investigated in May and August 2019. A total of 43 macrozoobenthos  species including 21 species of Arthropods (46.51%), 18 species of Mollusks (41.86%) and 4 species of Annelids (9.3%) were identified. The dominant species were Radix ovata, Galba truncatula, Bellamya aeruginosa, B. purificata, Semisulcospira cancellata, Limnoperna Lacustris, Neocaridina denticulata sinensis and Palaemonetes sinensis in the whole study area. All the 6 dominant species were distributed in May and August. The average density and biomass of macrozoobenthos  were 40.078 4 ind /m² and 6.184 5 g/m² respectively, which were slightly higher in summer than in spring. We found that the composition of macrozoobenthos  presented temporal-spational heterogeneity, and the distribution characteristics of Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index and Margalef abundance index were that the upstream was higher than the downstream, and the summer was higher than the spring. The BI index is more suitable for the water quality evaluation of Jialing River due to the high channelization ratio in the study area. In terms of water quality, the upstream is superior to the downstream, and the periphery of the city is superior to the urban area. According to the analysis of CCA, DO, TP, CODMn, FV were the main environmental factors affecting the community structure of macrozoobenthos. The research results can provide basis for ecological management and scientific protection in Jialing River of Sichuan Province.

In order to understand the current status of phytoplankton communities and their correlations with environmental factors at critical periods of fish life history in the mainstream of the Three Gorges Reservoir, phytoplankton communities and water environmental factors in 11 sampling sites belong to 4 sections in the mainstream of the Three Gorges Reservoir were investigated in the breeding period, fattening period and overwintering period of 2019. A total of 182 species of phytoplankton, belonging to 7 phyla, were collected, of which the community is mainly composed of Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta. Phytoplankton species number and abundance were highest in the fattening period, less higher in the breeding period, and were lowest in the overwintering period. Spatially, the value presented a decreasing trend from the upper to the lower reservoir. Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta dominated in the breeding period and the fattening period, with Bacillariophyta and Cryptophyta dominating in the overwintering period. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index, and Pielou evenness index were dramatically lower in the overwintering period than in the breeding period and the fattening period, and decreased from the upper to the lower reservoir in the fattening period. Spearman correlation analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between Bacillariophyta abundance and total phosphorus and suspended matter concentration, and between Cyanophyta abundance and water temperature, total phosphorus concentration. The results of Spearman correlation analysis also showed that the diversity of phytoplankton community was regulated by numerous environmental factors. Redundancy analysis (RDA) results further revealed that water temperature, total phosphorus, pH and suspended matter were the key factors regulating the community structure of phytoplankton in the mainstream of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Moreover, the phytoplankton community in the breeding period was mainly affected by nitrate-nitrogen, with water temperature, total phosphorus and suspended matter the main factors determining the phytoplankton community in the fattening period, and ammonia, pH and dissolved oxygen the main factors shaping the phytoplankton structure in the overwintering period. The results of this study could provide a certain scientific basis for protection and remediation of fishery ecological environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir.

Aquatic plant is an important component of lake ecosystem. With the death of aquatic plants in autumn and winter, the decomposition of their residues exerts a major effect on the cycle of biogenic elements in the lake system. Decomposition of plant residues is generally considered as a biologically driven process. However, underlying photodegradation process has been largely ignored. In this study, we investigated the removal efficiency of reed residue and the decomposition mechanism under different processes: microbial degradation, photodegradation, and the combination of bio- and photo-degradation. The result showed that, compared to single treatment of photodegradation or biodegradation, the combination of photo- and biodegradation can remove more litter mass (54.9±2.1%) and produce higher concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within 110 days. In addition, we found that the removal efficiency of each litter components (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) exhibits positively correlation with cumulative concentration of ROS concentrations, especially the refractory component lignin. Therefore, in order to acquire more accurate prediction about the dynamics of organic carbon degradation in aquatic ecosystems，the effect of light in the decomposition process of plant residues needs to be taken into consideration. And it is necessary to obtain a deeper understanding of the decomposition mechanism of aquatic plants in shallow lakes, and this will be helpful for the scientific management and remediation of lakes.

Studying the fragility of the landscape patterns is of great significance for improving the awareness of ecological protection and promoting the construction of ecological civilization.This paper uses the landscape index and spatial autocorrelation analysis to study the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the landscape pattern vulnerability of the typical karst mountainous area in Guizhou from 1990 to 2018. The results show that: (1) The best analysis particle size in the study area is 150 m, and the amplitude is 900 m. (2) In 1990 and 2018, the vulnerability index of landscape pattern was mainly low and low, and the area accounted for more than 70%;The conversion types of landscape pattern vulnerability mainly occur between low vulnerability, low vulnerability and medium vulnerability, and the type of landscape pattern vulnerability changes are mainly concentrated in the study area between the altitude of 800-1 400 m and the slope of 6-25 degree. (3) In 1990 and 2018, there was an obvious positive spatial autocorrelation of vulnerability. Local autocorrelation high-high agglomeration is mainly located in Guiyang in the central part of the study area, Liupanshui in the west of Guizhou, Xingyi in the southwest, Sinan in the northeast, and Libo County in the southeast, etc. The low-low agglomeration area is mainly in Yuqing in the north of the study area. County and Ziyun County in the south. (4) This study found that the comprehensive effects of national policies and human activities are important reasons for the changes in the vulnerability of the landscape pattern.The vulnerability of the landscape pattern in the study area has increased slightly in the past 30 years, and the spatial distribution tends to be scattered.

The prevention and control of haze pollution is not only a strong support for the battle against blue skies, but a necessary requirement for high-quality economic development under the new normal.This paper investigated thespatiotemporal evolution of PM_2.5 and its drivers by using gravity model, spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial econometric model based on remote sensing imagery inversiondata of the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB), China, between 2000 and 2018. The results showed that: (1) The PM_2.5 concentration in the YREB posed an inverted U-shaped trend, which first increased and then decreased, and maintained an interregional pattern of "upper reaches < middle reaches < lower reaches". The gravity of PM_2.5 concentration was located in the junction of Qianjiang, Jingzhou and Xiantao cities in Hubei province, and the gravity changed significantly. (2) The PM_2.5 concentration in the middle and lower reaches of the YREB was higher than that in the upper reaches, and the north bank of the Yangtze was higher than that in the south bank. (3) PM_2.5 pollution in the YREB had a significant positive spatial correlation. High-Highclustering was mainly distributed in the Chengdu-Chongqing region and Hubei, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces, while Low-Low clustering was stable in the upstream of western Sichuan and Yunnan-Guizhou regions, presenting a conspicuous spatial convergence feature. (4) The endogenous interaction of PM_2.5 was significant, where each 1% increased in the neighbouring PM_2.5 levels would cause that local to increase by at least 0.4%.Natural and anthropogenic factors directly and indirectly affected PM_2.5, among which meteorological factors mainly had a negative effect, while socio-economic factors chiefly had a positive effect.

Based on the daily precipitation data of 11 meteorological stations in Ganjiang River Basin(GRB)from 1960 to 2017, the variation characteristics of rainfall amount, intensity, and days at all levels in the basin was analyzed by using linear trend method, slidingT-test, wavelet analysis and Inverse Distance Weight (IDW), and then the correlation between rainfall indicators and large-scale climate indices such as Arctic Oscillation was explored. The results showed that :(1) During 1960-2017, the rain amounts and rain days of light rain and moderate rain present a decreased trend and the trend was significant in 2000; while the rain amounts and rainy days of heavy rain and storm rain had an increasing trend and the trend was significant in 1990. For the rainfall intensity, the change of each grade showed an increasing trend. Furthermore,rainfall amount, days and intensity at different grades had two obvious quasi-periods of 26 and 19 years. (2) The rainfall amount, intensity, and days of heavy rain and rainstorm in GRB showed a decreasing trend from northeast to southwest, while the distribution characteristics of rainfall amount and days of light rainfall were higher in the west and lower in the east. For the spatial variation trend, the total rainfall intensity increased significantly in the whole basin, while the days of light rain showed a significant decrease trend in the whole basin. The amount and the days of heavy rainfall increased significantly in the northeast of the basin. (3) Among the 21 large-scale climate indexes, Eest Atlantic, Western Pacific Subtropic High Area, Western Pacific Subtropic High Intensity, Western Pacific Subtropic High Western Ridge Point mainly significant affected heavy rain and rainstorm in the current year, while North Atlantic Oscillation had the most significant impact on moderate rain and heavy rain in the next year.

Saucer-shaped depressions are important areas that have high primary productivity and functions as ecological buffer zones. The hydrological connectivity of saucer-shaped depressions with the inflow rivers and open area of Lake Poyang shows obvious seasonal changes, which influences the nitrogen (N) removal process of the wetlands and thereby can change the volume contribution of wetland N removal to the total N load of Lake Poyang. In this study, N fluxes and removal rates across the sediment-water interface in 9 saucer-shaped depressions of Lake Poyang during the flood and dry period were investigated by conducting sediment core flow-through incubations and using the stable isotope pairing technique. Results showed that, during the flood period, the saucer-shaped depression sediments surrounding the west branch of Ganjiang River exhibited strong respiration and high N removal rates. In contrast, the saucer-shaped depression sediments surrounding Xiushui River showed relatively lower N removal rates, which might be mainly influenced by the level of nitrate (NO3^-) concentrations. During the dry period, the saucer-shaped depression sediments in the two sub-areas showed similar patterns of N fluxes and removal rates, with N removal rates significantly lower than those during the flood period. Overall, the average sediment N removal rate during the flood period was 26.69 ± 12.98 μmol m^-2 h^-1 (12.61-49.50 μmol m^-2 h^-1), of which uncoupled denitrification accounted for 90% ± 11%, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) only contributed ~1%. The average sediment N removal rate during the dry period were low, and coupled denitrification accounted for 57% ± 17% of the total sediment N removal. The contribution of anammox to the total sediment N removal during the dry period remained small (4%). The hydrological connectivity of saucer-shaped depressions to the open area and major inflow rivers of Lake Poyang, where higher NO3- loads were shown, can take better advantages of the sediment N removal function of the wetlands, thereby alleviating the N load of the main lake area. Thus, protecting saucer-shaped depressions in Lake Poyang and maintaining its hydrological connectivity with the open lake area and surrounding rivers are important for reducing the N load of Lake Poyang.

A set of field experiments have been made in the island riparian zone of Yueyang in the Dongting Lake downstream of the Three Gorges Dam, for the real-time monitoring water level and temperature of the river, as well as the groundwater level, soil moisture content and temperature distribution of the island profile. Based on the analysis of the heat flux and the hyporheic exchange rate in the island riparian zone to describe the characteristics of the water and heat transfer quantitatively and portray the response relationship between the groundwater level, water temperature and air temperature. The results show that: there is a strong positive correlation between internal heat flux and air temperature, daily average temperature can be used to calculate the heat flux. The change range of hyporheic exchange rate obtained by the soil moisture content at different depths of monitoring well T1 is -5.34×10^-6-6.78×10^-5m/s. In winter, the change of groundwater level will delay the time when the heat flux changes from negative to positive. The island loses heat during the complementation process between the river and the groundwater of the island riparian zone, the lower the groundwater level, the more frequent the fluctuations and the greater the heat loss, the heat loss mainly concentrated at 0.5-0.7 m below the ground. The results reveal the impacts of dam operation on the downstream island riparian zone hyporheic zone, which will provide the reference for the further ecological impact assessment of the hyporheic zone.

Improving fertilizer utilization efficiency is an important measure to promote the green transformation of agriculture and the construction of rural ecological civilization in China. Based on the provincial panel data from 2002 to 2016, this paper deeply and systematically studies the impact of different types of education on fertilizer utilization efficiency, and further discusses the impact of different types of education on fertilizer utilization efficiency of different regions and different types of crops in China. The results show that: Firstly,at the national level, both academic education and non-academic education can effectively improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, and there is no significant difference between them. Secondly,in terms of regions, academic education can significantly improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency in the eastern and western regions, but non-academic education can only improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency in the western region, but not in the eastern region,and the promotion effect of academic education and non-academic education on the fertilizer utilization efficiency in the central region is not obvious. Thirdly, Both academic education and non-academic education can effectively improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency of grain crops, but the non academic education can effectively improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency of economic crops.

Objective analysis of the rural poverty differentiation mechanism and the stability of poverty alleviation in typical poverty-stricken counties is necessary to promote the effective implementation of Rural Revitalization. Taking Funan County in Anhui Province as a typical case, this article analyzes the causes of rural impoverishment in typical poverty-stricken counties by combining village and farmer scales, and discusses the connection mechanism between poverty alleviation stability and Rural Revitalization based on the characteristics of the study area. The results are as follows: (1) There are significant differences in the density of poverty-stricken villages in various towns of Funan County, with the overall trend of being dense outside and sparse inside, and some areas are concentrated in the core area, According to the nuclear density, the poor villages are divided into five primary core areas, four secondary core areas and five tertiary core areas.(2) From the village scale analysis, the development potential factors, such as the proportion of disabled households and sick households, and the location factors, such as the proportion of disaster, the distance to the county and Township Center, the distance to the main road and the average elevation of the village, are the leading factors affecting rural poverty; From the perspective of the scale of farmers, the attributes of administrative village, poor households, family size, whether the family has disabilities or diseases, the proportion of labor force and the proportion of migrant workers are the significant factors of poverty in the study area.(3) Based on the analysis of village level and peasant household level, it is the key to promote the sustainable development of poverty alleviation in the study area to develop characteristic agriculture in combination with regional resource endowment in order to enhance the endogenous driving force of poor villages and the livelihood level of poor households; This article discusses the connection mechanism between Rural Revitalization and targeted poverty alleviation from the five core points of industry, talent, culture, ecology and organization, aiming to provide the basis for the accurate implementation of Rural Revitalization in the region.