Abstract: Exploring the distribution, uptake, enrichment and influencing factors of selenium (Se) in the rice-soil system is of great significance for the regional development of specialty Se-enriched products.In this study, 542 sets of paddy soil-rice samples were collected and measured.Combined with ordinary Kriging interpolation, cold hot pots analysis, correlation analysis and random forest model methods, the distribution and enrichment characteristics and patterns of Se in paddy soil-rice systems in Linli County were investigated.The relationships were analyzed between parent material, soil physicochemical properties (SOM, CEC and pH), essential micronutrients (Cu and Zn), climatic factors (temperature, precipitation and humidity) and soil Se content, rice Se content and BCF.The results showed that: （1）The mean value of Se content in paddy soil in Linli County (0.76 mg/kg) was 2.6 times higher than the background soil level in China (0.29 mg/kg) and 1.9 times higher than the global average background soil level (0.40 mg/kg).The mean value of rice Se content (0.15 mg/kg) was 3.75 times higher than the minimum allowable level of Se content in selenium-enriched rice (0.04 mg/kg).（2）The Moran's I indexes of soil Se, rice Se and BCF were 0.32, 0.28 and 0.13, respectively, with a moderate degree of spatial autocorrelation, which was influenced by both spatial structure factors and random factors.（3）There was a significant difference in the Se content of paddy soils developed from different parent material (p<0.05), while there was no significant difference between rice Se content and BCF.The results of the random forest model indicated that precipitation, humidity and SOM were the main influencing factors on the Se content of paddy soil, while humidity, precipitation, rice Cu and temperature were the main predictors of rice Se content; CEC, precipitation, humidity and SOM were the main predictors of BCF (p<0.05).The high soil Se content in paddy fields in Linli County was conducive to the development of Se-rich agricultural products.The Se enrichment ability of rice could be regulated based on factors such as parent material, SOM and CEC, which may improve the economic benefits of Se-rich agricultural products.