Abstract: Controlling agricultural non-point source pollution (ANPSP) and improving water environment quality can promote the green transformation of agricultural production mode and achieve high-quality economic development.This paper used the unit survey method and equivalent standard pollution load method to calculate the ANPSP emissions of 20 water-receiving cities in the South-to-North Water Diversion Project's Central Route from 2009 to 2021.The spatial- temporal distribution characteristics was analyzed.The driving factors were investigated using the LMDI model.The results showed that: (1) The ANPSP in water-receiving areas decreased by 23%, due to the effective control of livestock breeding pollution of TN and COD emissions.(2)The ANPSP decreased by 8.02%, and the fertilizer pollution attributed to 82.68%; TP was the key pollutant, with an average proportion of 69.01%.The difference of emission of ANPSP showed an expanding trend.The difference among the water-receiving cities in Henan Province was the main source leading to the imbalance of ANPSP .(3) Economic development level and industrial structure effect had a positive effect on ANPSP , while agricultural economic efficiency and non-urbanization showed a negative effect.The effect of pollution intensity on ANPSP changed from positive to negative, and the driving effect of resource endowment showed a large fluctuation.The water-receiving cities should strengthen the prevention and control of ANPSP to promote the high-quality development of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project's Central Route.