关键词: 国家公园/价值取向/旅游/制度差异

Abstract:

This article analyzed the value orientation and management system for tourism development in the U.S.national park system.The result indicates the U.S.national park system has provided Americans wellpreserved heritage resources,comfortable and ecological recreation environment,promoted patriotism education.Moreover,the public service of national parks improved the national cohesion.In contrast,the national reserve system in China has got caught with the deficiency of core beliefs for development,overlapping of organization functions,weak legal system,insufficient funds for maintenance and management,absence of public service awareness.To that end,the paper concluded,China need to change the economicoriented tourism development in national reserves and adjust the institution arrangement as follows:strictly control the admission of national reserves and remake a new list of national reserves;improve existing laws to ensure the protection of all the heritages with national significance;press ahead with the“giant department”reform to realize unified management for national reserve system;launch a mechanism of selection through competition to limit the quantitative increase of reserves,and concentrate the state financial input on the reserves in urgent need of protection;introduce aboriginal people’s plans to push on the progress of culture protection and social justice;promote the personnel quality for national reserves and provide a scientific and educational interpretative system for every reserve to realize the patriotism education functions for the national reserve system.

Key words: national park/value orientation/tourism/institutional difference