长江流域资源与环境 >> 2014, Vol. 23 >> Issue (03): 328-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201403004

• 自然资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

长江天鹅洲故道浮游动物群落结构及水质评价

黄丹|沈建忠|胡少迪|龚成|周斌|李霄|王海生|孙广文   

  1. (1华中农业大学水产学院|湖北 武汉 430070;2长江天鹅洲白鱀豚自然保护区|湖北 石首 434400)
  • 出版日期:2014-03-20

ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND WATER QUALITY #br# ASSESSMENT IN TIANEZHOU OXBOW OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

HUANG Dan1|SHEN Jianzhong1|HU Shaodi1|GONG Cheng2|#br# ZHOU Bin1|LI Xiao1|WANG Haisheng1|SUN Guangwen1   

  1. (1College of Fisheries|Huazhong Agricultural University|Wuhan 430070|China;
    2Baiji National Reserve of the Tianezhou Oxbow in Yangtze River|Shishou 434400|China)
  • Online:2014-03-20

摘要:

于2011年4月~2012年1月按季度对长江天鹅洲故道浮游动物进行了采样调查。共检出浮游动物87种,其中原生动物22属38种,占总种类数的437%;轮虫25属36种,占总种类数的414%;枝角类8属9种,占总种类数的103%;桡足类4种,占总种类数的46%。浮游动物的年平均密度为25 7119 ind/L,以原生动物和轮虫为主,分别占总密度的937%和56%;年平均生物量为36 mg/L,以原生动物和枝角类为主,分别占总生物量的319%和281%。15种优势种中9种为富营养水体指示种。绿急游虫、双叉尾毛虫、长圆膜袋虫和小链巨头轮虫全年形成优势,而针簇多肢轮虫、缘板龟甲轮虫、角突臂尾轮虫在春、夏、秋季形成优势,螺形龟甲轮虫只在春秋形成优势。绿急游虫、双叉尾毛虫、长圆膜袋虫等富营养水体指示种在受污染较多的6和10号两处采样点数量较多。按现存量法和浮游动物优势种群法判定,天鹅洲故道属于富营养类型,与根据ShannonWeaver多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数的评价为中污染水平的结果一致。同时对浮游动物种类组成小型化的形成原因进行了分析讨论

Abstract:

 Quarterly investigation of the zooplankton community in TianEZhou Oxbow in the middle reach of the Yangtze River was conducted during April 2011 to January 2012 A total of 87 zooplankton species were observed,among which,Protozoa (23 genera 38 species),Rotifer (25 genera 36 species),Cladocera (8 genera 9 species),Copepoda (4 species) accounted for 437%,414%,103%,46% of the total species,respectively The annual average density of zooplankton was 25 7119 ind./L with protozoa and rotifers accounting for 993% of total density The annual average biomass of zooplankton was 36mg/L,with protozoa and cladocera accounting for 60% of total biomass Among the 15 dominant species (7 species of protozoa and 8 species of rotifer),9 species were indicator species of eutrophic status Four species of protozoa,Strombidium viride,Urotricha furcated,Cyclidium oblongum, Tintinnidium fluviatile and one species of rotifer,Anuraeopsis fissa were predominant all year around Three species of rotifer,Polyarthra trigla,Keratella ticinensis,Brachionus angularis were dominant in spring,summer and autumn,and one species of rotifer,Keratella cochlearis was dominant only in spring and autumn Higher density of dominant species Strombidium viride,Urotricha furcated,Cyclidium oblongum occurred in the sampling sites of 6 and 10,with a large number of Polyarthra trigla in sampling site of 10 Analysis on the zooplankton community in Tianezhou Oxbow demonstrated dominance of microzooplankton because protozoa and rotifer,the smallsized zooplankton,accounted for 993% in density,while cladocera and copepods,the largesized zooplankton,accounted for only 07% in density Intensive feeding by stocked filterfeeding fish,silver carp and bighead carp and the selective predation on macrozooplankton by abundant smallsized fish such as Taihu icefish,sharpbelly and shortjaw tapertail anchovy were the possible reasons for the changes in zooplankton community According to the standing crop and the dominant species,the trophic state of Tianezhou Oxbow was classified into eutrophic level which were in agreement with the assessment results based on Shannons index and evenness of Pielou.

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